Collaborative Research: The Evolution of Tolerance to Herbivory among Populations of Scarlet Gilia, Ipomopsis aggregata

合作研究：Scarlet Gilia、Ipomopsis aggregata 种群对草食性耐受性的进化

• 批准号: 0092554
• 负责人: Ken Paige
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-04-01 至 2007-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0092554&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Evolution; Tolerance; Herbivory

0092554Paige Plant responses to herbivory can be divided into two components, plant defenses and tolerance. Tolerance refers to the ability of plants to regrow and reproduce following herbivore damage; i.e., the ability to compensate. Yet little is known about how tolerance evolves, with most studies to date focusing on plant defense. Over the past fifteen years studies have been conducted on a specialized case of tolerance in a biennial/perennial herb, scarlet gilia, where plants have been observed to achieve greater reproductive success by overcompensating for tissues lost to herbivory. However, scarlet gilia's compensatory response is not universal; exhibiting tremendous variation both within and between populations. To assess whether there is a genetic basis to population differences in compensation, as well as whether selection on plant traits related to compensation differ between populations and locations, reciprocal transplant experiments and selection analyses will be conducted. These studies will be conducted within each of four populations that have been subjected to very different historical levels of herbivory; two of these overcompensate and the other two do not.Studies on the relative importance of genetic versus environmental factors and selection in different environments should contribute to our understanding of the evolutionary response of plants to herbivory, and add general understanding to the factors that do and do not lead to enhanced reproductive success following herbivory. If the mechanisms of overcompensation are genetically based, such responses to herbivory should be of great interest to agriculturists who, through recent advents in molecular genetic technique, might incorporate these traits into crop plants.

Paige植物对草食的反应可分为两个部分，即植物防御和耐受。耐受性是指植物在食草动物受到伤害后重新生长和繁殖的能力，即补偿能力。然而，人们对耐受性是如何演变的知之甚少，到目前为止，大多数研究都集中在植物防御上。在过去的15年里，对一种二年生/多年生草本植物猩红Gilia的耐受性进行了专门的研究，观察到植物通过过度补偿失去的草食组织而获得更大的繁殖成功。然而，猩红Gilia的补偿反应并不是普遍的；无论是在种群内还是在种群之间都表现出巨大的差异。为了评估群体补偿差异是否有遗传基础，以及与补偿相关的植物性状的选择是否因群体和地点而异，将进行相互移植实验和选择分析。这些研究将在经历了非常不同历史水平的草食的四个种群中进行；其中两个种群过度补偿，另外两个种群不补偿。研究遗传与环境因素的相对重要性以及在不同环境中的选择应该有助于我们理解植物对草食的进化反应，并增加对草食后影响和不导致繁殖成功的因素的一般理解。如果过度补偿的机制是基于遗传的，那么这种对草食的反应应该引起农学家的极大兴趣，他们通过最近分子基因技术的出现，可能会将这些特征整合到农作物中。