Collaborative Research: An Airborne Radar Study of Cloud Structure and Composition

合作研究：云结构和组成的机载雷达研究

• 批准号: 0094956
• 负责人: Gabor Vali
• 金额: $ 60.62万
• 依托单位: University of Wyoming
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-03-01 至 2004-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0094956&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Airborne; Radar; Study

This grant supports a continuing collaboration between atmospheric scientists at the University of Wyoming and electrical engineers at the University of Massachusetts Amherst in the development and improvement of a 95 GHz (3.2 mm wavelength) radar and its application to studies of clouds and precipitation. The radar is ordinarily used in the Wyoming King Air research aircraft. Unlike ordinary weather radars, its short wavelength gives increased sensitivity to small drops and enables the radar to detect nonprecipitating clouds. Called the Wyoming Cloud Radar, it is capable of Doppler and polarimetric measurements. It will be mounted temporarily in the NCAR C-130 research aircraft for the DYCOMS-II project in July 2001 (Dynamics and Chemistry of Marine Stratocumulus). The data will give details on the cloud structure at the mixing region near cloud top and will also indicate the presence of drizzle, which is believed to have an important effect on the dynamics of the marine boundary layer. The capabilities of the WCR will be expanded by the addition of a second antenna in the King Air, which will permit dual-beam transmission for fine-scale observations of the horizontal wind field in convective clouds. The ideas will be tested in a field program in the High Plains (Colorado and Wyoming). The main research topics to be investigated are as follows:1. Relationships between CCN counts, drop concentration, and updraft speed.2. Horizontal wind field in different kinds of clouds.3. Entrainment in cumulus clouds.4. Drizzle formation in marine stratus clouds.5. Refinement of an attenuation-based method ("stereorad") for estimating cloud water content.Results are relevant to fundamental cloud physics, atmospheric remote sensing, and the parameterization of cloud effects in large-scale numerical models.

这笔赠款支持怀俄明州大学的大气科学家和马萨诸塞州阿默斯特大学的电气工程师继续合作，开发和改进95 GHz（3.2毫米波长）雷达及其在云和降水研究中的应用。 该雷达通常用于怀俄明州空中国王研究飞机。 与普通的天气雷达不同，它的短波长增加了对小水滴的灵敏度，使雷达能够探测到非降水云。 它被称为怀俄明州云雷达，能够进行多普勒和偏振测量。 它将于2001年7月临时安装在NCAR的C-130研究飞机上，用于DYCOMS-II项目（海洋层积云的动力学和化学）。 这些数据将提供云顶附近混合区云结构的详细情况，还将表明毛毛雨的存在，毛毛雨被认为对海洋边界层的动力学有重要影响。 WCR的能力将通过在空中国王增加第二个天线来扩大，这将允许双波束传输，用于对流云中水平风场的精细尺度观测。 这些想法将在高平原（科罗拉多和怀俄明州）的一个实地项目中进行测试。 主要研究内容如下：1.云凝结核数、液滴浓度与上升气流速度之间的关系.不同类型云的水平风场.积云中的卷吸。4.海洋层云形成毛雨。改进基于衰减的方法（“立体雷达”），用于估算云水含量。结果与基本云物理学、大气遥感和大尺度数值模式中云效应的参数化有关。