Field Measurement of In-Cloud Sulfur Dioxide Oxidation
云中二氧化硫氧化的现场测量
基本信息
- 批准号:8715294
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 29.46万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Continuing Grant
- 财政年份:1987
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:1987-09-15 至 1990-02-28
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Reactions and removal of tropospheric sulfur dioxide occur via a variety of pathways. The dominant gas phase reaction path, with the hydroxyl radical, is thought to be characterized by a sulfur dioxide half-life of 7-14 days. Reaction on aerosol surfaces, and in haze and cloud droplets results in the direct production of sulfate in cloud and precipitation water. Laboratory kinetic data suggest that aqueous phase reactions of dissolved sulfur dioxide with peroxides and ozone are the most efficient pathway by which sulfur dioxide is removed from the atmosphere. To complement laboratory data, and because of the need to understand processes which produce oxidized sulfur species in tropospheric clouds, field studies are recognized as important objectives of atmospheric chemistry research. Knowledge of the oxidants and processes responsible for the conversion of sulfur dioxide to sulfuric acid are essential if predictions of precipitation composition are to be made. The oxidation of sulfur dioxide dissolved in cloud droplets is thought to be affected by several factors which make it difficult to extrapolate laboratory studies of aqueous sulfur dioxide oxidation to natural cloud systems. In this research a set of unique experiments designed to measure the conversion of sulfur dioxide to sulfate in orographic clouds will be carried out. These measurements will be compared to a detailed cloud chemistry model using laboratory derived rate constants and cloud composition measurements as input parameters. The experimental strategy is to release pulses of sulfur dioxide into the cloud from a ground based generator and to collect cloud water as a rime ice deposit during plume detection at the mountain top observatory. This experimental design has been tested and shown to be capable of producing usable results. Plume transport times will be measured using several shorter pulses of an inert tracer during the sulfur dioxide releases.
对流层二氧化硫的反应和去除通过多种途径发生。 与羟基自由基的主要气相反应路径被认为以二氧化硫半衰期为 7-14 天为特征。 气溶胶表面、雾霾和云滴中的反应导致云和降水中直接产生硫酸盐。 实验室动力学数据表明,溶解的二氧化硫与过氧化物和臭氧的水相反应是从大气中去除二氧化硫的最有效途径。 为了补充实验室数据,并且由于需要了解对流层云中产生氧化硫物质的过程,现场研究被认为是大气化学研究的重要目标。 如果要预测降水成分,则必须了解负责将二氧化硫转化为硫酸的氧化剂和过程。 溶解在云滴中的二氧化硫的氧化被认为受到多种因素的影响,这使得很难将水相二氧化硫氧化的实验室研究外推到自然云系统。 在这项研究中,将进行一系列独特的实验,旨在测量地形云中二氧化硫向硫酸盐的转化。 这些测量结果将与使用实验室导出的速率常数和云成分测量结果作为输入参数的详细云化学模型进行比较。 实验策略是从地面发电机向云中释放二氧化硫脉冲,并在山顶天文台进行羽流探测期间收集云水作为雾凇冰沉积物。该实验设计已经过测试并证明能够产生可用的结果。 在二氧化硫释放期间,将使用惰性示踪剂的几个较短脉冲来测量羽流传输时间。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Gabor Vali其他文献
Pre-Activated Freezing Nucleation Close To 0c
- DOI:
10.1016/j.cryobiol.2021.11.104 - 发表时间:
2021-12-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:
- 作者:
Gabor Vali - 通讯作者:
Gabor Vali
A calibration process for single-channel coulter particle counters
- DOI:
10.1016/0021-9797(75)90022-3 - 发表时间:
1975-11-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:
- 作者:
A.E King;Gabor Vali - 通讯作者:
Gabor Vali
Comment on “A universally applicable method of calculating confidence bands for ice nucleation spectra derived from droplet freezing experiments” by Fahy et al. (2022)
Fahy 等人对“计算源自液滴冷冻实验的冰成核光谱的置信带的普遍适用方法”的评论 (2022)
- DOI:
10.5194/amt-16-4303-2023 - 发表时间:
2023 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:3.8
- 作者:
Gabor Vali - 通讯作者:
Gabor Vali
Gabor Vali的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Gabor Vali', 18)}}的其他基金
Diagnoses of Ice Initiation in Clouds from Airborne In Situ, Radar and Lidar Observations
通过机载原位、雷达和激光雷达观测诊断云中结冰过程
- 批准号:
0650609 - 财政年份:2007
- 资助金额:
$ 29.46万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Biological Ice Nucleators in the Atmosphere, 2007 International Union on Geodesy and Geophysics General Assembly; Perugia, Italy; July 2-13, 2007
大气中的生物冰成核剂,2007 年国际大地测量学和地球物理学联合会大会;
- 批准号:
0638853 - 财政年份:2007
- 资助金额:
$ 29.46万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: An Airborne Radar Study of Cloud Structure and Composition
合作研究:云结构和组成的机载雷达研究
- 批准号:
0094956 - 财政年份:2001
- 资助金额:
$ 29.46万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Development of Freezing Nucleation Apparatus
冷冻成核装置的研制
- 批准号:
9871049 - 财政年份:1998
- 资助金额:
$ 29.46万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Airborne Studies of Clouds and Precipitation with a Millimeter Wavelength Radar
使用毫米波雷达对云和降水进行机载研究
- 批准号:
9712859 - 财政年份:1998
- 资助金额:
$ 29.46万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Cloud Studies Using an Airborne Millimeter-Wavelength Radar
使用机载毫米波雷达进行云研究
- 批准号:
9319907 - 财政年份:1994
- 资助金额:
$ 29.46万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Impacts of Cloud Condensation Nuclei on Atlantic Stratus
云凝结核对大西洋层云的影响
- 批准号:
9213872 - 财政年份:1992
- 资助金额:
$ 29.46万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Fine Scale Remote Sensing of Clouds Using Millimeter Wave Radars
使用毫米波雷达对云进行精细遥感
- 批准号:
8922632 - 财政年份:1990
- 资助金额:
$ 29.46万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
An Experimental Test of the Production of Ice Particles by Aircraft (APIP)
飞机产生冰粒的实验测试(APIP)
- 批准号:
8611185 - 财政年份:1986
- 资助金额:
$ 29.46万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
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