Reduction of Labor Turnover Impact through Dynamic Work Allocation and Active Operator Replacement Policies

通过动态工作分配和积极的操作员更换政策减少劳动力流动影响

• 批准号: 0100370
• 负责人: Jesus Villalobos
• 金额: $ 24.92万
• 依托单位: Arizona State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-05-15 至 2005-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0100370&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Reduction; Labor; Turnover; Impact; through

This project will investigate different work allocation strategies in conjunction with operator replacement policies that appear to be more suitable for high labor turnover environments. The idea is to find work allocation methods that give less workload to new operators and automatically increase this load as they gain experience. In particular, the reduction of the effects of labor turnover on productivity when hybrid assembly methods based on bucket brigade and work sharing are used will be will be researched. This investigation will be performed by constructing the appropriate analytical and simulation models of different production lines and work allocation and operator replacement strategies. An important characteristic of the research is the close collaboration that will be maintained with industry. In order to develop and test the models, the investigators will gather information and validate the research results in the facilities of the industrial partner.High labor turnover, frequently cited as a major contributor to lagging productivity and competitiveness of the U.S. industry, represents enormous costs that impact the competitiveness of a manufacturing firm. The costs more frequently associated with labor turnover include those associated with recruiting and training the new employees. However, there are other costs, such as production losses caused by the variability introduced by the new operators into the assembly line, that are frequently ignored. These production losses are the result of the learning process that the new employees go through and that the current assembly lines are not designed to accommodate. While the usual approach to deal with high labor turnover focus on reducing it by using long-term strategies such as better recruiting and giving incentives to employees to stay with the company, this research project seeks engineering solutions to mitigate its negative effects. This is particularly important for the period in which the benefits of the implementation of long-term policies are not felt yet.

该项目将调查不同的工作分配策略，并结合似乎更适合高劳动力流动率环境的操作员替换政策。其想法是找到给新操作员带来较少工作量的工作分配方法，并在他们获得经验后自动增加工作量。特别是，将研究在采用基于斗队和工作分担的混合装配方法时，减少劳动力周转对生产率的影响。这项研究将通过构建不同生产线以及工作分配和操作员更换策略的适当分析和模拟模型来进行。这项研究的一个重要特点是将与工业界保持密切合作。为了开发和测试模型，调查人员将收集信息，并在产业合作伙伴的设施中验证研究结果。劳动力流动率高，经常被认为是美国工业生产率和竞争力落后的主要原因，这意味着影响制造公司竞争力的巨大成本。更频繁地与劳动力流动相关的成本包括与招聘和培训新员工相关的成本。然而，还有其他成本，如新操作员引入装配线的可变性造成的生产损失，经常被忽视。这些生产损失是新员工经历的学习过程的结果，而目前的装配线设计不能适应这种情况。虽然处理高员工流失率的通常方法侧重于通过更好的招聘和激励员工留在公司等长期策略来降低员工流失率，但该研究项目寻求工程解决方案来减轻其负面影响。在尚未感受到实施长期政策的好处的时期，这一点尤为重要。