SGER: New Opportunitiues with Intrinsic Left-handed Metamaterials

SGER：固有左手超材料的新机遇

• 批准号: 0100962
• 负责人: Sheldon Schultz
• 金额: $ 10万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-04-01 至 2003-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0100962&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SGER; New; Opportunitiues; Intrinsic; Left

This is a Small Grants for Exploratory Research (SGER) award. The project will allow a rapid follow-up to the PI's discovery of a new class of materials, the so-called left-handed materials (LHM). In normal materials, both the electric permittivity and the magnetic permeability are observed to be positive quantities. LHM are composite materials constructed so that the permeability and permittivity are simultaneously negative. The properties of LHM are quite different from ordinary materials. Some of the most important and non-intuitive properties of LHM are exposed when electromagnetic radiation propagates through such a LHM medium. For example, Snell's law is reversed. In work to date, materials have been constructed that behave as LHM in the microwave region. This SGER award will allow the exploration of theoretical and experimental work to determine if LHM materials can be fabricated at optical frequencies. If this can be achieved, and it is not known with certainty whether this will be possible, the potential impact of LHM in photonic materials, laser applications and other technical areas would be substantial.This is a Small Grants for Exploratory Research (SGER) Award. The Principal Investigator and co-workers have produced a new class of composite materials with physical properties that scientists theorized might be possible, but had never before been produced. The materials are called left-handed materials (LHM) because they reverse many of the physical properties observed in ordinary materials in response to electromagnetic radiation. The new class of materials has the ability to reverse properties such as the Doppler effect, the principle that changes the frequency of waves as the source of the waves moves. Thus, a train whistle sounds higher in pitch as the train approaches and lower as the train recedes. Maxwell's equations, which describe the relationship between magnetic and electric fields, suggest that microwave radiation or light would show the opposite effect in this new class of materials, shifting to lower frequencies as the source approaches. Similarly, Maxwell's equations suggest that a lens made of such materials, instead of dispersing electromagnetic radiation as usual, would focus it as it passes through. This SGER award will allow the exploration of theoretical and experimental work to determine if LHM materials can be fabricated at optical frequencies.Such materials would have strange properties such as a flashlight shining on a LHM slab would be focused at a point on the other side. Students and post-docs working on this project will received excellent training in a new area, and will be qualified for a range of employment in academe, industry and government.

这是一个探索性研究（SGER）的小赠款奖。 该项目将允许对PI发现的一类新材料，即所谓的左手材料（LHM）进行快速跟踪。 在正常的材料中，观察到的电容率和磁导率都是正的量。 左手材料是一种复合材料，其磁导率和介电常数同时为负。 左手材料的性质与普通材料有很大的不同。 当电磁辐射传播通过这样的左手材料介质时，左手材料的一些最重要和非直观的性质被暴露出来。 例如，Snell定律是颠倒的。 在迄今为止的工作中，已经构建了在微波区域中表现为LHM的材料。 这个SGER奖将允许理论和实验工作的探索，以确定是否可以在光学频率下制造LHM材料。 如果能够实现这一目标，尽管目前还不确定这是否可能实现，但左手材料在光子材料、激光应用和其他技术领域的潜在影响将是巨大的。这是一项探索性研究（SGER）小额赠款奖。 首席研究员和同事们已经生产出一类新的复合材料，其物理特性科学家们理论上可能是可能的，但以前从未生产过。 这种材料被称为左手材料（LHM），因为它们在电磁辐射下会逆转普通材料中观察到的许多物理特性。这类新材料有能力逆转多普勒效应等特性，多普勒效应是一种随着波源移动而改变波的频率的原理。因此，当火车接近时，火车汽笛的音调听起来更高，当火车后退时，声音更低。描述磁场和电场之间关系的麦克斯韦方程组表明，微波辐射或光在这类新材料中会表现出相反的效果，随着源的接近而向较低频率移动。 同样地，麦克斯韦的方程表明，由这种材料制成的透镜，不是像通常那样分散电磁辐射，而是在电磁辐射通过时将其聚焦。这个SGER奖将允许理论和实验工作的探索，以确定是否可以在光学频率下制造LHM材料。这种材料将具有奇怪的特性，例如手电筒照射在LHM板上会聚焦在另一边的一个点上。 从事该项目的学生和博士后将在一个新的领域接受良好的培训，并将有资格在企业，工业和政府部门就业。