RUI: The Role of Multiple Modulators in a Small Neural System: A Comparative Approach

RUI：多个调制器在小型神经系统中的作用：比较方法

• 批准号: 0111040
• 负责人: Patsy Dickinson
• 金额: $ 31.23万
• 依托单位: Bowdoin College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-09-01 至 2005-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0111040&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RUI; Role; Multiple; Modulators; Small

Animals must alter their behavior to meet the demands of a changing environment. One mechanism that allows such behavioral flexibility in the pattern generators that drive rhythmical movements, such as locomotion and chewing, is the functional reconfiguration of neural networks by neuromodulators. The stomatogastric system, which contains the pattern generators that drive the pyloric filter and the gastric mill in the crustacean foregut, provides an ideal system in which to study neuromodulation. Both the pattern generators and the modulatory inputs in the stomatogastric system have been extensively characterized. More than 20 modulatory substances have been identified in this ganglion, raising the following question: Why are so many modulators involved in modulating such a relatively simple system? This project asks whether a comparative approach can shed light on this question and thus provide insights into the fundamental mechanisms and effects of neuromodulators.The pyloric pattern and its responses to modulators have been studied to some extent in a number of different species of decapod crustaceans. The present study will further examine the responses of six species - two closely related species of crab, two related lobster species, the California spiny lobster, and a kelp crab - to a test group of four neuromodulators. Using standard recording techniques, the basic pyloric pattern and its responses to these substances will be recorded and characterized qualitatively and quantitatively. Additionally, some of the mechanisms involved in modulation will be compared, as will the effects of these four modulators on muscle activity and contraction in the six species.

动物必须改变自己的行为以适应不断变化的环境。 在驱动有节奏运动（如运动和咀嚼）的模式发生器中，允许这种行为灵活性的一种机制是神经调节剂对神经网络的功能重构。 口胃系统，其中包含模式发生器，驱动幽门过滤器和胃磨在甲壳动物前肠，提供了一个理想的系统，在其中研究神经调节。 模式发生器和调制输入口胃系统已被广泛的特点。 在这个神经节中已经确定了20多种调节物质，这就提出了以下问题：为什么在调节这样一个相对简单的系统时会涉及到这么多的调节剂？ 本项目探讨的是比较方法是否可以阐明这一问题，从而提供对神经调质的基本机制和作用的见解。幽门模式及其对调节剂的反应在一定程度上已经在一些不同种类的十足类甲壳动物中进行了研究。本研究将进一步研究六个物种-两个密切相关的螃蟹物种，两个相关的龙虾物种，加州多刺龙虾和海带蟹-对四种神经调质的测试组的反应。 使用标准记录技术，将定性和定量记录和表征基本幽门模式及其对这些物质的反应。 此外，一些参与调制的机制将进行比较，这四个调制器对肌肉活动和收缩的影响，在六个物种。