US-Egypt Cooperative Research: Mitigating the Deterioration of Monuments from the Effects of Evaporating Shallow Groundwater

美国-埃及合作研究：减轻浅层地下水蒸发影响下的纪念碑恶化

• 批准号: 0111344
• 负责人: Richard Parizek
• 金额: $ 1.8万
• 依托单位: Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-09-01 至 2004-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0111344&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: US; Egypt; Cooperative; Research; Mitigating

01111344ParizekDescription: This award is to support a collaborative project between a US team headed by Dr. Richard Parizek, Department of Geosciences at the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania and an Egyptian team headed by Dr. Ahmed Swedan, Geological Survey of Egypt, Cairo, Egypt. They plan to study the causes and means of combating deterioration of ancient monuments due to rising ground water. Shallow groundwater levels, coupled with concentrations of salt, dissolved solids, and biological compounds, are causing rapid and significant deterioration of monuments and other structures in Egypt. Monuments that have survived for thousands of years are rapidly disintegrating, with temple reliefs and paintings often being sacrificed because they are shallow and readily exfoliated. At Hierakonpolis, a variety of monuments and materials are being degraded. For example, the granite threshold block and its sandstone foundations have lost an alarming amount of surface in the past 15 years. In order to mitigate these problems, it is first necessary to determine the hydrogeologic conditions at each site of interest. This involves measurements of the subsurface flow regime, which typically is not known at the affected areas. Practical geotechnical methods need to be developed for site-specific characterization and groundwater flow modeling leading to recommended mitigation measurements. Once these methods are shown to be effective, they can be applied to many sites by geotechnical contractors in the private sector. The teams will use a combination of geological, geophysical, geochemical and hydrologic methods to develop and validate a flow model for the Hierakonpolis site that can be used to design a practical mitigation plan.Scope: The project supports collaboration between two research teams of investigators, with extensive experience in geosciences and in material sciences, to carry out a research project of a major societal impact. The combination of these two sides is essential to carry this fieldwork, to drill boreholes and collect samples necessary for developing a groundwater flow model for this region in Upper Egypt. Using the resources at the Pennsylvania State University, and those in Egypt at the Geological Survey of Egypt, the National Research Center and at Cairo University makes it possible to conduct the field work, the laboratory analysis and to develop the models. The proposal meets INT objectives in supporting collaborative research in areas of mutual interest. This project is being supported under the US-Egypt Joint Fund Program, which provides grants to scientists and engineers in both countries to carry out these cooperative activities.

01111344 ParizekDescription：该奖项是为了支持由宾夕法尼亚州州立大学大学公园地球科学系Richard Parizek博士领导的美国团队和埃及开罗埃及地质调查局Ahmed Swedan博士领导的埃及团队之间的合作项目。他们计划研究抗击由于地下水上升而导致的古迹退化的原因和方法。浅层地下水位，加上盐分、溶解固体和生物化合物的浓度，正在导致埃及的纪念碑和其他结构迅速而显著地恶化。保存了数千年的纪念碑正在迅速瓦解，寺庙浮雕和绘画经常被牺牲，因为它们很浅，很容易剥落。在希拉孔波利斯，各种纪念碑和材料正在退化。例如，花岗岩门槛区块及其砂岩地基在过去15年中失去了惊人的表面积。为了缓解这些问题，首先必须确定每个感兴趣地点的水文地质条件。这涉及对地下水流状况的测量，这在受影响地区通常是未知的。需要开发实用的岩土技术方法，以确定具体地点的特征和地下水流模型，从而得出建议的缓解措施。一旦这些方法被证明是有效的，私营部门的土力承建商就可以将它们应用于许多工地。这些团队将结合地质、地球物理、地球化学和水文学方法，开发和验证Hierakonpolis遗址的水流模型，该模型可用于设计实际的缓解计划。范围：该项目支持在地球科学和材料科学方面拥有丰富经验的两个研究小组之间的合作，以开展一个具有重大社会影响的研究项目。这两个方面的结合对于开展这项实地工作、钻探钻孔和收集为上埃及这一地区开发地下水流动模型所需的样本至关重要。利用宾夕法尼亚州立大学、埃及地质调查局、国家研究中心和开罗大学的资源，可以进行实地工作、实验室分析和开发模型。该提案在支持共同感兴趣领域的合作研究方面达到了INT的目标。该项目得到了美国-埃及联合基金计划的支持，该计划为两国的科学家和工程师提供资助，以开展这些合作活动。