Arabidopsis 2010: Collaborative Research: Assigning Gene Function in the Arabidopsis One-Carbon Metabolism Network

沙查尔-希尔一碳(C1)反应网络提供用于生物合成的c1单位。它对植物新陈代谢至关重要，但该网络的许多酶知之甚少，甚至根本不知道。因此，假定编码10-甲酰-四氢呋喃脱甲酰酶、肌氨酸氧化酶、甲酰胺酶、5-甲酰-四氢呋喃环寡酶、S-甲酰基谷胱甘肽水解酶、谷氨酸甲酰转移酶、蛋氨酸葡萄糖裂解酶和细胞器形式的5，10-亚甲基-四氢呋喃脱氢酶的功能将被确定。对于所有这些基因来说，“决定功能”意味着找到编码蛋白的生化活性和亚细胞位置；对于前五个基因，它意味着除了分离拟南芥基因敲除突变外，还意味着利用核磁共振、质谱学和生化程序来确定突变对C1代谢的影响。C1基因网络的基因库编号为http://www.hos.ufl.edu/meteng/1Cpage1.html.该网站将用于发布研究结果，以及在该项目中产生的全长DNA、抗体和其他资源的目录。该网站在建立后将链接到中央2010年项目网站。结果还将在会议上公布并公布。这项研究将通过将生化和代谢功能分配给大多数意想不到的、未解释的和未探索的植物C1代谢基因来实现2010年的项目目标。更广泛的影响将是三方面的。首先，在作物改良方面。对植物进行基因工程以造福人类的许多努力都涉及到对C1新陈代谢的改变，这使得了解C1新陈代谢从而成功地对其进行改造变得至关重要。第二，在基础植物生物化学方面，因为尽管C1代谢在光呼吸、木质化和生物碱合成等过程中处于中心地位，但它可能是植物初级代谢中了解最少的领域。第三，在一般的生物化学方面，因为植物的C1代谢网络是特殊的，而不仅仅是酵母、肝脏或细菌中的微小变化。

Shachar-HillThe network of one-carbon (C1) reactions provides C1 units for use in biosynthesis. It is crucial to plant metabolism, but many of the network's enzymes are known poorly or not at all. Accordingly, functions will be determined for genes that putatively encode: 10-formyl-THF deformylase, sarcosine oxidase, formamidase, 5-formyl-THF cycloligase, S-formylglutathione hydrolase, glutamate forminotransferase, methionine g-lyase, and organellar forms of 5,10-methylene-THF dehydrogenase. For all these genes "determining function" means finding the biochemical activities and subcellular location of the encoded proteins; for the first five it means in addition isolating Arabidopsis knockout mutants and determining the effects of the mutations on C1 metabolism using NMR, mass spectral, and biochemical procedures. GenBank numbers for the network of C1 genes are at http://www.hos.ufl.edu/meteng/1Cpage1.html. This website will be used to post research results as they become available, as well as a catalog of the full-length cDNAs, antibodies, and other resources generated in the project. This website will be linked to the central 2010 project site when it is established. Results will also be presented at meetings and published. This research will meet 2010 project objectives by assigning biochemical and metabolic functions to most of the unexpected, unexplained, and unexplored genes in plant C1 metabolism. The broader impact will be three-fold. First, on crop improvement. Many efforts to genetically engineer plants for human benefit involve changes to C1 metabolism, making it vital to understand C1 metabolism so as to engineer it successfully. Second, on basic plant biochemistry, because C1 metabolism is perhaps the least well understood area of plant primary metabolism despite its central position in processes such as photorespiration, lignification, and alkaloid synthesis. Third, on biochemistry in general, because the plant C1 metabolic network is special, not merely a minor variation on those in yeast, liver, or bacteria.