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Phylogenetics of early vertebrate genomes: an approach to understanding genomic innovations as sources of phenotypic evolution

早期脊椎动物基因组的系统发育学：一种理解基因组创新作为表型进化来源的方法

基本信息

批准号：
150795574
负责人：
Dr. Shigehiro Kuraku
金额：
--
依托单位：
RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (CDB)
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2008-12-31 至 2013-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/150795574?language=en
关键词：
Phylogenetics early vertebrate genomes approach

项目摘要

Vertebrates share a number of advanced phenotypic traits that are not possessed by invertebrates, such as complex brain and diverse physiological capacity. Among vertebrates, cyclostomes (jawless fishes) and chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fishes) occupy crucial phylogenetic positions as early-branching lineages. However, our knowledge of vertebrate genomics is limited mainly to bony vertebrates, namely tetrapods and teleost fishes. In this project, using emerging genomic and transcriptomic DNA sequences and available bioinformatic tools, we will conduct large-scale phylogenetic analyses to detect genomic components (e.g. protein-coding genes, miRNA, cis-regulatory elements) acquired by the ancestor of all extant vertebrates. As a source of such novel factors, we will also focus on timing and mode of whole genome duplications that occurred early in vertebrate evolution. To illustrate how such novel genomic components contributed to phenotypic traits shared by vertebrates, we will perform collaborative experimental analyses on craniofacial development and endocrinology. This study should provide a solid molecular phylogenetic framework to understand the transition from pre-vertebrates to vertebrates which is regarded as one of major upgrades in establishment of the human genome.

脊椎动物具有许多无脊椎动物所不具备的高级表型特征，如复杂的大脑和多样的生理能力。在脊椎动物中，圆口类（无颌鱼类）和软骨鱼类（软骨鱼类）作为早期分支谱系占据关键的系统发育位置。然而，我们对脊椎动物基因组学的了解主要限于骨脊椎动物，即四足动物和硬骨鱼。在这个项目中，使用新兴的基因组和转录组DNA序列和可用的生物信息学工具，我们将进行大规模的系统发育分析，以检测基因组成分（如蛋白质编码基因，miRNA，顺式调控元件）获得的祖先的所有现存的脊椎动物。作为这些新因素的来源，我们还将关注脊椎动物进化早期发生的全基因组复制的时间和模式。为了说明这些新的基因组成分如何促成脊椎动物共有的表型特征，我们将对颅面发育和内分泌学进行合作实验分析。本研究为理解人类基因组的重大升级之一--从前脊椎动物向脊椎动物的转变提供了一个坚实的分子系统学框架。