Arabidopsis 2010: Essential Gene Functions in Arabidopsis Seed Development

0114866 Meinke项目总结该项目将为鉴定在种子发育过程中具有重要功能的每个拟南芥基因奠定基础。 这些信息是拟南芥2010计划的核心，也是确定模式植物生长和发育所需的最小基因组的核心。 该项目将集中在基因，给一个可见的种子表型时，突变中断。 因此，选择用于分析的基因网络不是由共同的生物化学或分子特征定义的，而是由它们是必不可少的事实定义的。 拟南芥含有估计500个这样的EMB基因需要正常的种子发育和另外200个基因需要正常的种子色素沉着。 这里概述的方法是协调收集，分析和展示这些基因的一半以上的突变等位基因克隆的基础上的信息。 关于必需基因和相应突变体的信息将从各种公共和私人来源获得，并合成供社区有效使用。 对这些不同基因的生物学功能的深入了解将补充其他实验室对特定基因产物的生化活性的研究。 其结果将是一个细胞，有机体和进化背景下的基本基因功能的综合观点。 项目目标是：（1）利用正向和反向遗传学的组合来接近克隆的EMB基因的饱和;（2）标准化相应突变体的表型表征;（3）收集种子色素突变体的相关信息;（4）通过ABRC提供所有突变系的种子;（5）了解这些基因在生长和发育中的功能;（6）通过表达研究和比较序列分析确定为什么这些基因是必不可少的;（7）将这些信息整合到一个简单但强大的数据库中，其格式与TAIR兼容;（8）建立一个公开释放私营部门资源的模式;和（9）开发外展和培训计划，以补充拟南芥功能基因组学的研究工作。 项目可交付成果包括向公众提供300个不同EMB基因缺陷的500个突变体的综合信息和种子库; 75个基因缺陷的另外100个色素突变体的类似信息;年轻种子中活跃基因（野生型和选定突变体）的宝贵表达数据;以及一个数据库，该数据库应作为分析和提供大量突变体信息的模型。 项目网页（www.seedgenes.org）将通过TAIR（www.arabidopsis.org）链接。 数据库第一版定于2002年3月发布。 届时将详细介绍前100个必需基因的概况。 该项目建立在俄克拉荷马州州立大学和先正达之间的现有合作基础上，该合作在过去4年中鉴定了350个标记的emb突变体和其中约200个突变体的初步序列数据。 这代表了一个重大的企业投资到一个项目，将是困难和昂贵的复制与联邦资金。 目前的提案包括在最低限度的限制下大量公开发布私人材料，并提供了一个收集和分析全社区必需基因信息的机制。 在2010年项目开始时，需要作出这样的努力，以集中注意具有重要生物功能的基因。

0114866Meinke PROJECT SUMMARYThis project will establish a foundation for identifying every Arabidopsis gene with an essential function during seed development. This information is central to the Arabidopsis 2010 Project and to identifying the minimal gene set required for growth and development of a model plant. The project will focus on genes that give a visible seed phenotype when disrupted by mutation. The network of genes chosen for analysis is therefore not defined by shared biochemical or molecular features but rather by the fact that they are essential. Arabidopsis contains an estimated 500 such EMB genes required for normal seed development and another 200 genes required for normal seed pigmentation. The approach outlined here is to coordinate the collection, analysis, and presentation of information on more than half of these genes based on cloning of mutant alleles. Information on essential genes and the corresponding mutants will be obtained from a variety of public and private sources and synthesized for efficient use by the community. The resulting insights into biological functions of these diverse genes will complement research in other labs on the biochemical activities of specific gene products. The result will be an integrated view of essential gene functions within a cellular, organismal, and evolutionary context. Project objectives are to: (1) use a combination of forward and reverse genetics to approach saturation for cloned EMB genes; (2) standardize phenotypic characterization of the corresponding mutants; (3) collect related information on seed pigment mutants; (4) make seeds for all mutant lines available through ABRC; (5) understand the functions of these genes in growth and development; (6) determine through expression studies and comparative sequence analysis why these genes are essential; (7) integrate this information into a simple but robust database with a format compatible with TAIR; (8) establish a model for public release of private sector resources; and (9) develop outreach and training programs that complement research efforts in Arabidopsis functional genomics. Project deliverables include public access to synthesized information and seed stocks for 500 mutants defective in 300 different EMB genes; similar information for another 100 pigment mutants defective in 75 genes; valuable expression data for genes active in young seeds (wild type and selected mutants); and a database that should serve as a model for analyzing and presenting information on large collections of mutants. The project web page (www.seedgenes.org) will be linked through TAIR (www.arabidopsis.org). Release of the first version of the database is scheduled for March 2002. Profiles of the first 100 essential genes examined in detail will be presented at that time. This project builds upon an existing collaboration between Oklahoma State University and Syngenta that has over the past 4 years resulted in identification of 350 tagged emb mutants and preliminary sequence data for about 200 of these mutants. This represents a significant corporate investment into a project that would be difficult and expensive to duplicate with federal funding. The current proposal includes substantial public release of private materials with minimal restrictions and provides a mechanism for collecting and analyzing community-wide information on essential genes. Such efforts are needed at the start of the 2010 Project to focus attention on genes with important biological functions.