Climate History of Mongolia and Environs and Its Role in Global Systems

蒙古及周边地区的气候历史及其在全球系统中的作用

• 批准号: 0117442
• 负责人: Gordon Jacoby
• 金额: $ 43.5万
• 依托单位: Columbia University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-08-15 至 2005-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0117442&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Climate; History; Mongolia; Environs; Its

This research will establish the long-term trends, variations, and extremes of regional climate by examining variations in annual growth rings of old-aged trees in Mongolia and China dating back to 800 A.D. Mongolia and the surrounding region are the center of the Asian High, the most extreme atmospheric pressure center of the Northern Hemisphere and a strong influence on winter atmospheric circulation. The goal of the research is to understand climate trends that impact global weather patterns. The effects of changing climate may be severe on Mongolia and changes in the Asian High can have effects far beyond the immediate region.The tree-ring samples, obtained nondestructively, will be used to develop calendar-dated, annual to millennial-length records of climate variations. Long records are essential because recorded information (approximately 50 years) does not reveal the full range of variability and trends in climate.Sampling sites are high in mountains or at the edge of dry grasslands where the trees are stressed by climate. Such tree-rings record the effects of warm and cold years in the mountains and wet and dry years near the grasslands. The resulting records will yield valuable information about temperature trends, severe winters, droughts, floods, and other climatic variations.The project is conducted in cooperation with Mongolian Universities, institutions, and government agencies. A Tree-Ring Laboratory has been organized at the National University and seminars and workshops are planned to teach and train students and scientists for cooperative and independent research.

本研究将通过考察公元800年以来蒙古和中国古树年轮的变化，建立区域气候的长期趋势、变化和极端情况。蒙古及其周边地区是亚洲高压的中心，是北半球最极端的气压中心，对冬季大气环流有很强的影响。这项研究的目的是了解影响全球天气模式的气候趋势。气候变化对蒙古的影响可能是严重的，而亚洲高压的变化所产生的影响可能远远超出直接区域。非破坏性获得的树木年轮样本将用于开发按日历计算的、每年到千年的气候变化记录。长期记录是必要的，因为记录的信息（大约50年）不能揭示气候变化和趋势的全部范围。采样地点在高山上或干旱草原的边缘，那里的树木受到气候的压力。这样的年轮记录了山区的冷暖年和草原附近的干湿年的影响。由此产生的记录将提供有关温度趋势、严冬、干旱、洪水和其他气候变化的宝贵信息。该项目是与蒙古大学、机构和政府机构合作开展的。在国立大学组织了一个树轮实验室，并计划举办研讨会和讲习班，以教授和培训学生和科学家进行合作和独立研究。