Solar Wind Streamer Belt Morphology

太阳风流带形态

• 批准号: 0119700
• 负责人: Nancy Crooker
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Trustees of Boston University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-09-01 至 2005-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0119700&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Solar; Wind; Streamer; Belt; Morphology

The investigators will work towards an understanding of the region of the solar atmosphere known as the streamer belt. The main effort is to apply new tools to analyze the topology of coronal mass ejections in the solar wind and the local structure of the principal remnant of the streamer belt in the solar wind, the heliospheric current sheet. On a global scale the current sheet forms a tilted, warped, heliospheric equatorial plane, but data patterns consistent with convoluted, intertwined magnetic structures are found on the local scale. Tools used to untangle this structure will be combined with newer tools to analyze other streamer belt structures and their interrelationships. Primary among the newer tools will be composition data, which give fingerprints of solar sources. The anticipated results will advance our understanding of the sources and structure of the most complicated part of the solar wind. Some of the open questions are: To what extent does slow flow come from the edges of the coronal holes, from the streamer belt proper, or in the form of multiscale transients? To what extent can complex structures in the slow wind be ascribed to interplanetary processes rather than to solar origins? What are the magnetic topologies of the many types of structures identified in the slow wind? Why do coronal mass ejections observed as intrusions in fast flow have composition fingerprints of coronal holes if their origins are in the streamer belt? Do coronal mass ejections gradually evolve from magnetically closed to open structures? To what extent can answers to these questions be resolved in terms of a recently proposed model of general circulation of the footpoints of solar magnetic fields, which requires ubiquitous merging between open and closed field lines in the streamer belt? In addition to basic research, a handbook will be prepared as a public outreach project. Its primary purpose will be to provide guidelines for communicating to the public how coronal mass ejections can cause geomagnetic storms. In terms intelligible to the lay reader, it will point out common misconceptions and provide material for attention-grabbing descriptions that do not misinform. The handbook will be suitable not only for the press but for use as supplemental educational material for introductory courses in solar-terrestrial physics.

研究人员将努力了解太阳大气层中被称为流光带的区域。主要工作是应用新的工具分析太阳风中日冕物质抛射的拓扑结构和太阳风中流光带主要残留物的局部结构，即日光层电流片。在全球范围内的电流片形成一个倾斜的，扭曲的，日光层赤道面，但数据模式符合卷积，交织的磁性结构被发现在当地的规模。用于解开这种结构的工具将与新的工具相结合，以分析其他流光带结构及其相互关系。新工具中的主要工具将是成分数据，它给出了太阳源的指纹。预期的结果将促进我们对太阳风最复杂部分的来源和结构的理解。一些悬而未决的问题是：在多大程度上慢流来自冕洞的边缘，从流光带本身，或在多尺度瞬变的形式？慢风中的复杂结构在多大程度上可以归因于行星际过程而不是太阳起源？在慢风中发现的许多类型的结构的磁拓扑是什么？如果日冕物质抛射的起源是在流光带上，为什么观测到的日冕物质抛射作为快速流中的侵入体具有日冕洞的成分指纹？日冕物质抛射是从磁封闭结构逐渐演化到开放结构的吗？在多大程度上可以解决这些问题的答案，在最近提出的太阳磁场的足迹，这需要在流光带的开放和封闭的磁力线之间无处不在的合并的环流模型？除了基础研究外，还将编写一本手册，作为一个公共宣传项目。其主要目的将是提供指导方针，向公众宣传日冕物质抛射如何引起地磁暴。用外行读者可以理解的术语，它将指出常见的误解，并为不误导的引人注目的描述提供材料。这本手册不仅适合于出版，而且也可用作日地物理学入门课程的补充教材。