ITR/PE: Universal access for situationally induced impairments: Modeling, prototyping, and evaluation

随着移动的计算变得越来越普遍，用户在何时何地记录、检索和传输信息方面享有更大的灵活性;同时，这些设备的使用条件变得更加多变、不可预测，并且在许多情况下变得不那么友好。 随着使用频率的增加，当照明不佳、噪声不可预测或者当用户在移动时（例如，步行、驾驶车辆）。 此外，移动的设备经常使用户中断正在进行的活动以便执行基于计算机的次要任务：示例包括个人在会议期间回复电子邮件、医生在与患者交互时查看手术室时间表、以及个人在驾驶时从其车载导航系统检索方向。 本研究的目标是解决开发有效的计算机系统的个人经历这种情境诱导的障碍（SII）所涉及的问题。 与残疾诱导性损伤（DII）一样，SII存在于对用户的身体、认知或感知要求超出其能力时。 与DII不同，SII是临时性的，由正在执行的工作或用户从事的任务的环境产生。 通过这项研究，PI和他的团队将开发新的技术来识别和记录导致SII的因素，将确定开发解决SII的临时和动态性质的解决方案的方法，并将比较经历SII的个人与具有可比DII的个人的互动策略。

As mobile computing becomes more pervasive, users enjoy increased flexibility in terms of where and when they record, retrieve, and transmit information; at the same time, the conditions under which these devices are used are becoming more variable, less predictable, and in many situations less hospitable. With increasing frequency, computers are being used when lighting is poor, noise is unpredictable, or when the user is on the move (e.g., walking, driving a vehicle). In addition, mobile devices often cause users to interrupt an ongoing activity in order to perform secondary computer-based tasks: examples include individuals replying to e-mails during meetings, doctors reviewing operating room schedules while interacting with patients, and individuals retrieving directions from their in-vehicle navigation system while driving. The goal of this research is to address the issues involved in developing effective computer systems for individuals experiencing such situationally-induced impairments (SII). Like disability-induced impairments (DII), SII exist when the physical, cognitive, or perceptual demands placed on the user exceed their abilities. Unlike DII, SII are temporary, resulting from the environment in which the work is being performed or the tasks in which the user is engaged. Through this research, the PI and his team will develop new techniques for identifying and documenting the factors that contribute to SII, will identify methods for developing solutions that address the temporary and dynamic nature of SII, and will compare the interaction strategies of individuals experiencing SII to those of individuals with comparable DII.