ITR/SY: A Distributed Programming Infrastructure for Integrating Smart Sensors

实时、反应式和嵌入式系统在整个社会得到了越来越广泛的应用(例如，飞行控制、铁路信号、车辆管理系统、医疗设备)。这一趋势可能会继续下去，因为短短几年前还不可想象的应用程序已经进入了越来越复杂的处理器的范围。许多这样的应用程序寿命很长，与其环境持续交互，并且受到重要的实时约束。随着这些反应系统渗透到我们的生活中，给我们带来了从智能起搏器到食品杂货中的微型新鲜度跟踪设备的一切，对经济高效、鼓舞信心的软件验证技术的需求也相应增加。该项目专注于构建新的工具，用于检查一类常见的反应式实时系统，称为中断驱动系统。这项拟议的研究有四个方面相辅相成，相互支持。首先，这项工作将建立在分析七个商用微控制器的前期工作的基础上，以确定对单个中断处理程序足够精确的静态时序分析。其次，将研究指定和检查多个中断处理程序的计时属性的方法。第三，类型化汇编语言将被设计为具有时间限制，在该时间范围内，可以以模块化的方式指定时序属性，一次一个处理程序。第四，将设计一个定时中断处理程序演算，它将以一种独立于语言的方式体现结果，并使其易于证明关键属性。新工具将通过静态分析和类型检查自动派生软件模型，并将结果提交给模型检查器。这些工具可以显著减少测试需求，并在整个系统生命周期中为维护提供支持。

Real-time, reactive and embedded systems are widely and increasingly used throughout society (e.g., flight control, railway signaling, vehicle management systems, medical devices). This trend is likely to continue, as applications that would have been unthinkable only a few short years ago come into the reach of ever more complex processors. Many such applications are long lived, interact with their environment continuously, and are under important real-time constraints. As these reactive systems permeate our lives, bringing us everything from intelligent pace-makers to tiny freshness-tracking devices in groceries, the need for cost-effective, confidence-inspiring software validation techniques grows proportionately. This project focuses on building new tools for checking a common class of reactive real-time systems known as interrupt-driven systems. The proposed research has four facets that complement and support each other. First, this effort will build on preliminary work in analyzing seven commercial microcontrollers to identify a static timing analysis that is sufficiently precise for a single interrupt handler. Second, ways to specify and check timing properties for multiple interrupt handlers will be investigated. Third, a typed assembly language will be designed with time bounds in which timing properties can be specified in a modular way, one handler at a time. Fourth, a timed interrupt-handler calculus will be designed that will embody the results in a language-independent way and make it tractable to prove key properties. The new tools will automatically derive a model of the software by static analysis and type checking, and submit the result to a model checker. The tools can lead to significantly reduced testing requirements, and provide support for maintenance throughout the system life-cycle.