Partnership for Advancing Technologies in Housing: Designing Panelized Systems to Minimize Impact on Indoor Air Quality in Tightly-Sealed Buildings

设计镶板系统以最大限度地减少对密封建筑物室内空气质量的影响。使用结构绝缘板（SIP）来创建非常紧密的建筑围护结构将有助于实现PATH的目标，即同时减少对环境的影响并提高新建和现有房屋的能源效率。 典型地，SIP使用多层的、类似夹层的结构中的定向刨花板和硬质泡沫。 虽然环境优势使这些镶板系统非常有吸引力，但更紧密的建筑围护结构可能会降低室内空气质量。 例如，甲醛，其他醛类和萜烯烃类通常存在于新制造和现场建造的房屋中，这些化合物与强烈的感官刺激有关。 因此，在设计使用SIP建造的房屋时，必须考虑这些污染物的释放。 最近开发了一种预测单层材料排放的扩散模型，并成功验证。 这种方法的一个逻辑和非常有前途的扩展是应用该模型来预测来自SIP等多层系统的排放。 这项研究将描述SIP制造中使用的各个层的排放特征;独立测量不同材料层的模型参数;通过将预测的排放与实验室研究中获得的观测结果进行比较来验证单层模型;将单层模型扩展到具有适合SIP构造的边界条件的复合多层模型;验证SIP的多层排放模型，无论是否存在已安装的屏障材料;并使用多-层模型，以优化阻隔材料的位置和性能，可用于显着减少其他先进的面板系统的排放。这项研究建立在现有的和成功的合作伙伴关系，劳伦斯伯克利国家实验室环境能源技术部的Alfred Hodgson博士与弗吉尼亚理工大学住房综合系统中心教授兼主任丹尼尔多兰博士建立了新的合作关系，从而确保将基础研究快速转化为实际应用。

Designing Panelized Systems to Minimize Impact on Indoor Air Qualityin Tightly-Sealed BuildingsJohn C. LittleThe use of Structural Insulated Panels (SIPs) to create very tight building envelopes will help achieve PATH's goals of simultaneously reducing the environmental impact and improving the energy efficiency of new and existing homes. Typically, SIPs use oriented strand board and rigid foam in a multi-layered, sandwich-like structure. Although environmental advantages make these panelized systems very attractive, the tighter building envelope construction may degrade indoor air quality. For example, formaldehyde, other aldehydes, and terpene hydrocarbons are commonly found in new manufactured and site-built houses, and these compounds are associated with strong sensory irritation. The release of these contaminants must therefore be taken into account when designing homes constructed with SIPs. A diffusion model that predicts emissions from single-layer materials has recently been developed and successfully validated. A logical and very promising extension of this approach is to apply the model to predict emissions from multi-layer systems like SIPs. This research will characterize emissions from the individual layers used in the fabrication of SIPs; independently measure the model parameters for the different material layers; validate the single-layer model by comparing predicted emissions to observations obtained in experimental chamber studies; extend the single-layer model to a composite multi-layer model with boundary conditions appropriate for SIPs construction; validate the multi-layer emissions model for SIPs, with and without the presence of an installed barrier material; and use the multi-layer model to optimize the position and properties of barrier materials that can be used to significantly reduce emissions from other advanced panel systems.This research builds on an existing and successful partnership with Alfred Hodgson, of the Environmental Energy Technologies Division at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and forges a new collaboration with Dr. Daniel Dolan, Professor and Director of the Center for Integrated Systems in Housing at Virginia Tech, thereby ensuring rapid translation of fundamental research into practical applications.