Developing Barrier Layers to Minimize Volatile Emissions from Structural Insulated Panels (SIPs)

开发阻挡层以最大限度地减少结构绝缘板 (SIP) 的挥发性排放

• 批准号: 0600090
• 负责人: John Little
• 金额: $ 37.5万
• 依托单位: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-04-01 至 2010-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0600090&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Developing; Barrier; Layers; Minimize; Volatile

Developing Barrier Layers To Minimize Volatile Emissions From Structural Insulated PanelsJohn C. LittleDepartment of Civil and Environmental EngineeringVirginia TechEva MarandDepartment of Chemical EngineeringVirginia TechThe most common Structural Insulated Panel (SIP) configuration uses oriented strand board (OSB) and expanded polystyrene foam (PSF) in a multi-layer, sandwich-like structure. SIPs have the potential to radically improve the quality, durability, energy efficiency, environmental performance, and affordability of housing. Despite these impressive benefits, degradation of indoor air quality is a negative consequence of using engineered wood products to create tighter building envelopes. For this reason, we will develop and deploy nanocomposite clay/polyurethane barrier layers to significantly reduce, or perhaps even eliminate, emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from SIPs into indoor air. VOC diffusion barriers have never been used in building materials, but the approach holds considerable promise because polyurethanes can be tailored to give a diverse range of products such as foams, coatings, adhesives, rubbers or thermoplastic elastomers. By significantly reducing VOC emissions from SIPs, we will eliminate the primary environmental drawback of an otherwise exceptionally attractive building technology. The ability to understand, predict and consequently minimize the negative impact of SIPs and other building materials on indoor air quality will be extremely valuable. We have demonstrated that emissions of VOCs from several single-layer material systems can be predicted using a mathematical model, and will now employ an analogous fundamental approach to develop and validate a multi-layer model that can be used to predict emissions from SIPs. The model will include a non-linear sorption and porous diffusion model that accounts for migration of polar VOCs such as hexanal, as well as a model that accounts for for hindered diffusion in the nanocomposite barrier layers. If the proposed nanocomposite barrier layers are proven to work in SIPs, they can be applied to reduce emissions from many other consumer products and building materials. The ability to reduce or even eliminate indoor air contaminants at the source will revolutionize the indoor air field allowing fresher, healthier and more productive indoor environments, while at the same time lowering energy consumption by enabling tighter "energy-saving" building envelopes.

开发隔层以最大限度地减少结构绝缘板的挥发性排放John C.Littt弗吉尼亚理工大学土木与环境工程部和弗吉尼亚理工大学化学工程部最常见的结构绝缘板(SIP)配置在多层三明治状结构中使用定向纤维板(OSB)和发泡聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料(PSF)。住宅节能方案有可能从根本上提高住房的质量、耐用性、能源效率、环境性能和可负担性。尽管有这些令人印象深刻的好处，但室内空气质量的下降是使用工程木制品来创造更紧密的建筑围护结构的负面后果。为此，我们将开发和部署纳米复合粘土/聚氨酯阻隔层，以显著减少甚至消除从SiPS排放到室内空气中的挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)。VOC扩散屏障从未用于建筑材料，但这种方法具有很大的前景，因为可以根据需要量身定做各种产品，如泡沫、涂料、粘合剂、橡胶或热塑性弹性体。通过大幅减少建筑设备排放的挥发性有机化合物，我们将消除这一极具吸引力的建筑技术在环境方面的主要缺陷。能够理解、预测并最终将sips和其他建筑材料对室内空气质量的负面影响降至最低，这将是非常有价值的。我们已经证明，可以使用数学模型预测几种单层材料系统的VOCs排放，现在将采用类似的基本方法来开发和验证可用于预测SiPS排放的多层模型。该模型将包括一个非线性吸附和多孔扩散模型，该模型解释了正己醛等极性VOCs的迁移，以及一个模型，该模型解释了纳米复合阻挡层中的阻碍扩散。如果提出的纳米复合阻隔层被证明在SiPS中有效，它们可以应用于减少许多其他消费品和建筑材料的排放。从源头上减少甚至消除室内空气污染物的能力将使室内空气领域发生革命性变化，使室内环境更新鲜、更健康、更高效，同时通过使建筑围护结构更紧凑来降低能源消耗。