Geothermics of Climate Change

气候变化的地热学

• 批准号: 0126029
• 负责人: David Chapman
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Utah
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-01-01 至 2007-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0126029&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Geothermics; Climate; Change

Chapman and Harris0126029Temperature-depth profiles measured in boreholes contain a temporal record of past changes in surface ground temperature (SGT) and provide valuable constraints on climatic variations over the last few centuries. Although much has been learned in the last two decades about the subject "geothermics of climate change" there are important questions remaining. What regions of the continents are experiencing transient ground warming, and by how much? What are baseline temperatures at the time of the industrial revolution prior to the instrumental record of global warming? What is the relationship between air and ground temperature over time scales appropriate to climate change studies? What is the sensitivity of surface ground temperature change to climatic parameters such as solar radiation, precipitation, and snow cover? What are the significant factors impacting comparisons between geothermal data and meteorological surface air temperature (SAT) records? How much heat is being stored in the outer layers of Earth as a result of 20th Century warming? This project will answer these questions by developing methods for and performing analyses in the geothermics of climate change. The study entails four interrelated tasks: (1) operation of a real-time surface observatory (weather station at a borehole site) to monitor meteorologic variables and near-surface temperature; (2) data analysis making quantitative estimates of the effects of solar variations, snow, and precipitation effects on ground temperatures; (3) repeat temperature logging in selected boreholes to isolate transient temperature fields associated with climate change; and (4) combined analysis of geothermal and meteorologic data to reconstruct climate change at local, regional, and global scales.

在钻孔中测量的温度-深度剖面包含了过去地表温度（SGT）变化的时间记录，并为过去几个世纪的气候变化提供了有价值的约束。尽管在过去的二十年里，人们对“气候变化的地热学”这个主题已经了解了很多，但仍有一些重要的问题有待解决。大陆的哪些地区正在经历短暂的地面变暖，变暖幅度有多大？在全球变暖的仪器记录出现之前，工业革命时期的基线温度是多少？在适合气候变化研究的时间尺度上，空气和地面温度之间的关系是什么？地表地温变化对诸如太阳辐射、降水和积雪等气候参数的敏感性如何？影响地热数据与气象地表气温（SAT）记录比较的重要因素是什么？由于20世纪的气候变暖，地球的外层储存了多少热量？该项目将通过开发气候变化的地热分析方法来回答这些问题。该研究包括四个相互关联的任务：(1)运行实时地面观测站（在钻孔现场的气象站），以监测气象变量和近地面温度；(2)数据分析，定量估算太阳变化、雪和降水对地温的影响；(3)选择井眼重复测温，隔离与气候变化相关的瞬态温度场；(4)结合地热和气象资料重建局地、区域和全球尺度的气候变化。