High-Resolution Modeling of Surface Topography, Ice Motion, and Mass Balance in the Lambert Glacial Basin using Radar Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques

利用雷达遥感和 GIS 技术对兰伯特冰川盆地的表面地形、冰运动和质量平衡进行高分辨率建模

• 批准号: 0126149
• 负责人: Hongxing Liu
• 金额: $ 24.44万
• 依托单位: Texas A&M Research Foundation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-04-15 至 2006-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0126149&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Resolution; Modeling; Surface; Topography; Ice

This award supports a project to characterize the morphology, ice motion velocity and mass balance of Lambert Glacier, Antarctica using state-of-the-art remote sensing and GIS techniques. Lambert Glacier is the largest ice stream in the world. Because of its size, it plays a fundamental role in the study of glacial dynamics and mass budget in response to present and future climate changes. Along with the bedrock topography and ice thickness data derived from airborne radio echo soundings and snow accumulation data compiled from ground-based measurements, the dynamic behavior and mass balance of the Lambert glacial basin in a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment will be examined. Specific objectives are to: (1) Extract two-dimensional ice velocity field over the entire Lambert glacial basin using speckle matching and differential interferometric SAR (InSAR) techniques, and produce a full coverage of radar coherence map over the drainage basin. With the ice velocity data, calculate the strain rate field from the initiation areas of the ice stream onto the Amery Ice Shelf; (2) Derive high-resolution digital elevation model (DEM) over the Lambert glacial drainage basin using SAR stereo, differential interferometric SAR, and GLAS laser altimetry techniques. Based on the DEM, extract ice divides and ice flow directions, delineate the snow catchment basin, and calculate the balance deformation velocity and the basal shear stress; (3) Interpolate traverse ice thickness data collected by Australian and Russian airborne radio echo sounding surveys into a regular grid, and derive a regular grid of bedrock topography in combination with the DEM; (4) Integrate newly derived ice velocity and ice thickness data as well as snow accumulation rate data compiled from previous ground-based measurements into a geographic information system (GIS), and calculate the mass flux through the ice stream at the grounding lines and net mass balance throughout the drainage basin. With these new measurements and calculations derived from advanced remote sensing techniques, we will be able to improve our understanding of dynamic behavior and current mass balance status of the Lambert glacial basin, gain an insight on the relationship between ice mass change and the variation in regional and global climate at decadal scale, and provide an evaluation on the issue of whether the Lambert glacier basin is subject to surging in the context of future climate change.

该奖项支持一个项目，利用最先进的遥感和地理信息系统技术来描述南极洲兰伯特冰川的形态、冰的运动速度和质量平衡。 兰伯特冰川是世界上最大的冰流。由于它的大小，它在研究冰川动力学和物质平衡以应对当前和未来气候变化方面发挥着重要作用。 沿着的基岩地形和冰厚度数据来自航空无线电回声测深和积雪数据汇编地面测量，动态行为和质量平衡的兰伯特冰川盆地在地理信息系统（GIS）环境将进行检查。 具体目标是：（1）利用斑点匹配和差分干涉SAR（干涉合成孔径雷达）技术提取整个兰伯特冰川流域的二维冰速度场，并生成流域全覆盖的雷达相干图。（2）利用SAR立体成像、差分干涉SAR和GLAS激光测高技术建立Lambert冰川流域高分辨率数字高程模型（DEM）。（3）将澳大利亚和俄罗斯航空无线电测深的导线冰厚数据内插到规则网格中，结合DEM得到基岩地形规则网格;（4）将新获得的冰速和冰厚数据以及从以前地面测量中汇编的积雪速率数据纳入地理信息系统，并计算通过接地线处冰流的质量通量和整个流域的净质量平衡。 通过这些新的测量和来自先进遥感技术的计算，我们将能够提高我们对兰伯特冰川盆地动力学行为和当前质量平衡状况的理解，深入了解十年尺度上冰量变化与区域和全球气候变化的关系，并对兰伯特冰川流域在未来气候变化的背景下是否会受到涌动的问题进行评估。