PECASE: Integrated Modeling and Experimental Evaluations of Competition Between PCE-Dehalogenating Populations: Implications for In Situ Bioremediation

PECASE：四氯乙烯脱卤群体之间竞争的综合建模和实验评估：对原位生物修复的影响

• 批准号: 0134433
• 负责人: Jennifer Becker
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Maryland, College Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-09-01 至 2010-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0134433&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: PECASE; Integrated; Modeling; Experimental; Evaluations

Proposal Title: PECASE: Integrated Modeling and Experimental Evaluations of Competition Between PCE-Dehalogenating Populations: Implications for In Situ BioremediationInstitution: University of Maryland College ParkThe chlorinated solvents tetrachloroethene (PCE) and trichloroethene (TCE) are among the most common contaminants of groundwater. The toxicity and physical properties of these compounds, along with the frequency with which they are detected, mean that cleanup of groundwater systems contaminated with PCE and TCE is both critical to protecting human health and technically challenging. Biological transformation of PCE is limited to anaerobic reductive dehalogenation. From a remediation standpoint, only complete dechlorination of PCE to ethene is an acceptable outcome, because lightly chlorinated ethenes also pose a health hazard. Unfortunately, the potential for complete detoxification of highly chlorinated ethenes is frequently not realized in situ, resulting in the accumulation of lightly chlorinated ethenes. An improved understanding of the factors that influence the extent of PCE transformation that occurs in impacted environments is needed to better predict contaminant fate and transport, protect human health, and improve the effectiveness of bioremediation strategies. The proposed research addresses a specific type of microbial interaction, competition between dehalogenating populations for chlorinated ethenes and electron donors. Competition between dehalogenating populations may have a major impact on the fate of chlorinated ethenes in situ because these organisms differ with respect to transformation rates, and even more importantly, the extent of dechlorination.The goals of the proposed research are:(1) to determine how competition among dehalogenating populations is influenced by the intrinsic biokinetics of the dehalogenating populations, the nature and concentrations of the available electron donors, and chlorinated ethene concentrations; and (2) to develop tools for predicting the outcome of competition between dehalogenating populations, the impact on chlorinated ethene fate, and the success of bioaugmentation strategies. These goals will be accomplished using an integrated approach involving modeling predictions and verification in a series of increasingly complex experimental systems, including defined co-culture competition experiments and field surveys involving microbiological and chemical characterization of groundwater at PCE-impacted sites. Quantification of key PCE-dehalogenating populations in groundwater systems will be achieved through 16S rRNA-based methods. This project was originally funded as a CAREER award, and was converted to a Presidential Early Career Award for Engineers and Scientists (PECASE) award in May 2004.

提案标题：PECASE：PCE-脱卤种群之间竞争的综合建模和实验评估：对原位生物修复的影响机构：马里兰州大学公园氯化溶剂四氯乙烯（PCE）和三氯乙烯（TCE）是地下水中最常见的污染物之一。这些化合物的毒性和物理特性，沿着它们被检测到的频率，意味着被PCE和TCE污染的地下水系统的清理对于保护人类健康至关重要，并且具有技术挑战性。PCE的生物转化仅限于厌氧还原脱卤。从补救的角度来看，只有将四氯乙烯完全脱氯为乙烯才是可以接受的结果，因为轻度氯化的乙烯也会对健康造成危害。不幸的是，高度氯化乙烯的完全解毒潜力往往无法在原地实现，导致轻度氯化乙烯的积累。需要更好地了解影响受影响环境中PCE转化程度的因素，以更好地预测污染物的命运和运输，保护人类健康，并提高生物修复策略的有效性。拟议的研究解决了一种特定类型的微生物相互作用，脱卤人口之间的竞争，氯化乙烯和电子供体。脱卤种群之间的竞争可能对原位氯化乙烯的归宿产生重大影响，因为这些生物在转化速率方面存在差异，更重要的是，脱氯程度也不同。本研究的目标是：（1）确定脱卤种群的内在生物活性、可利用的电子供体的性质和浓度以及氯化乙烯浓度如何影响脱卤种群之间的竞争;和（2）开发工具，用于预测脱卤种群之间竞争的结果，对氯化乙烯命运的影响，以及生物强化战略的成功。这些目标将使用一种综合方法来实现，包括在一系列日益复杂的实验系统中进行建模预测和验证，包括确定的共培养竞争实验和实地调查，涉及PCE影响地点地下水的微生物和化学特性。地下水系统中关键PCE脱卤种群的定量将通过基于16 S rRNA的方法实现。该项目最初是作为职业奖资助的，并于2004年5月转换为工程师和科学家总统早期职业奖（PECASE）。