The Human Brain Project (Neuroinformatics): Phase I & Phase II

人脑计划（神经信息学）：第一阶段

• 批准号: 0134732
• 负责人: Gwen Jacobs
• 金额: $ 5万
• 依托单位: National Institutes of Health
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Interagency Agreement
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-09-15 至 2006-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0134732&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Human; Brain; Project; Neuroinformatics; Phase

A grand challenge in neuroscience is to understand the biological basis of information processing at the cellular and network levels. One major technology barrier to continuing progress is the lack of adequate informatics and analysis tools to enable exploration of the structural organization of complex neural circuits, the discovery and understanding of emergent properties of neural ensembles, the formulation of quantitative hypotheses about neural computation, and the testing of those hypotheses experimentally. These scientists have developed a prototype database system that provides many of the needed capabilities, and have used this software system to study mechanisms underlying neural encoding. The general goals of the work proposed here are to extend the capabilities and general utility of this prototype system, to interface the database with several additional tools for the analysis of structural and time-series data, and to enable more effective data sharing between remote collaborators. The core informatics and neuroscience research will be carried out by a group of researchers at Montana State University. Collaborations have also been established with researchers at several other research institutions, to insure interoperability of this system with other data collections and analysis tools and to facilitate the testing and refinement of this system. The PI and co-investigators all study dynamic aspects of sensory processing at the cellular and network levels in a variety of preparations, including the cricket, cat, and monkey visual systems. The researchers all share the following general neuroscience research aims: a) to understand the relationships between spatio-temporal activity patterns in neural ensembles and the information they convey, b) to understand how the spatio-temporal patterns at one processing stage are decoded at the next processing stage, c) to understand how computations are carried out on that decoded morphology, synaptic connectivity, and intrinsic biophysical characteristics of the neurons in the ensembles. The software tools developed here will be applied to these ongoing studies, enabling a substantial increase in the breadth, depth, rigor, and rate of progress of those research projects. That neuroscience research will, in turn, provide a rigorous basis for the refinement, generalization and extension of the informatics tools.

神经科学的一个巨大挑战是了解细胞和网络水平上信息处理的生物学基础。 持续进步的一个主要技术障碍是缺乏足够的信息学和分析工具来探索复杂的神经回路的结构组织，对神经集合的新兴特性的发现和理解，对神经计算的定量假设的提出以及这些假设的测试实验。 这些科学家开发了一个原型数据库系统，该系统提供了许多必要的功能，并使用该软件系统来研究神经编码的机制。 这里提出的工作的一般目标是扩展该原型系统的功能和一般实用性，以将数据库与几种其他工具接口结构和时间序列数据，并启用远程协作者之间更有效的数据共享。 核心信息学和神经科学研究将由蒙大拿州立大学的一群研究人员进行。 还与其他几个研究机构的研究人员建立了合作，以确保该系统与其他数据收集和分析工具的互操作性，并促进该系统的测试和完善。 PI和共同研究者都在各种制剂中，包括板球，CAT和Monkey Visual Systems在内的细胞和网络水平上的感觉处理的动态方面。 The researchers all share the following general neuroscience research aims: a) to understand the relationships between spatio-temporal activity patterns in neural ensembles and the information they convey, b) to understand how the spatio-temporal patterns at one processing stage are decoded at the next processing stage, c) to understand how computations are carried out on that decoded morphology, synaptic connectivity, and intrinsic biophysical characteristics of the neurons in合奏。 这里开发的软件工具将应用于这些正在进行的研究，从而使这些研究项目的广度，深度，严格和进度速度大大提高。 该神经科学研究将反过来为信息学工具的完善，概括和扩展提供严格的基础。