ADVANCE Fellow: Microscopy of Nanomaterials

高级研究员:纳米材料显微镜

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    0137922
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 44.88万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2002
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2002-04-15 至 2007-03-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

The purpose of the proposed research is to develop a new characterization technique for investigating the size-dependent magnetic, optical, and electronic behavior of nanomaterials. An understanding of the origin of these new properties is essential for their exploitation in a variety of technologies, including high-density magnetic recording, high-speed optical computing, solar energy, environmental toxicology, biomaterials, and biosensors. The technique that will be developed is electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) in the transmission electron microscope (TEM). New developments in the energy-resolution of EELS (0.3 eV) will be used in concert with the high spatial-resolution of TEM to correlate the electronic and optical properties of individual nanoparticles to their size, shape, composition, and surface morphology. Specific materials for initial investigation will be gallium nitride and silicon nanoparticles, synthesized by the PI and her collaborators. The electronic and optical properties of individual nanoparticles will be extracted from the low energy-loss and fine structure portions of the EELS spectrum. Results will be compared to information collected from X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and optical spectroscopy, as well as modeling efforts. This information will in turn be related to the physical morphology (size and shape) of the individual nanoparticles, particular surface reconstructions present (via phase-contrast microscopy), and elemental composition and distribution (e.g. doping, core/shell structures). The potential impact of this work on understanding the origins of size-dependent properties is expected to be enormous, given that the capability of the proposed technique is unique in permitting the study of individual nanoparticles, rather than ensembles of nanoparticles.Intense worldwide research over the last twenty years has been focused on understanding the effect on the magnetic, optical, and electronic properties of a bulk material when size is reduced to less than about 10 nanometers (less than one in a hundred millionths of a meter). Investigation of the behavior and origin of these size-dependent properties is critical for their full exploitation in a broad range of technologies: high-density magnetic recording, high-speed optical computing, solar energy, environmental toxicology (including chemical and biological weapons detection), biomaterials (for example, artificial organs), and biosensors for advanced medical testing. The small size scale of the materials under investigation demands that new techniques be developed for understanding their properties, since traditional characterization techniques typically study millions of particles at a time, rather than single particles alone. The goal of this project is to use new developments in electron microscopy to correlate the magnetic, optical and electronic behavior of individual nanoparticles to their specific size, shape, composition and surface structure. This will be achieved by taking full advantage of the ability of electron microscopy to image features less than 0.2 nm in size, as well as new developments in spectroscopic methods in the electron microscope that will allow optical and electronic data to be collected from individual nanoparticles. An understanding of how the properties of nanomaterials are influenced by these various factors will extend knowledge of the basic properties of matter, as well as point to new synthesis strategies to optimize the performance of this important class of materials.This award is supported through the NSF ADVANCE Fellows Program. The overall mission of the ADVANCE Program is to increase the participation of women in the scientific and engineering workforce through the increased representation and advancement of women in academic science and engineering careers.
本研究的目的是开发一种新的表征技术,用于研究纳米材料的磁性、光学和电子行为的尺寸依赖性。了解这些新特性的起源对于它们在各种技术中的应用至关重要,包括高密度磁记录、高速光学计算、太阳能、环境毒理学、生物材料和生物传感器。将开发的技术是透射电子显微镜(TEM)中的电子能量损失谱(EELS)。EELS的能量分辨率(0.3 eV)的新发展将与TEM的高空间分辨率相结合,以将单个纳米颗粒的电子和光学特性与它们的大小、形状、组成和表面形貌联系起来。最初研究的具体材料将是氮化镓和硅纳米颗粒,由PI和她的合作者合成。单个纳米粒子的电子和光学特性将从EELS光谱的低能量损失和精细结构部分中提取出来。结果将与从x射线吸收光谱(XAS)和光谱学以及建模工作中收集的信息进行比较。这些信息将依次与单个纳米颗粒的物理形态(大小和形状),特定表面重构(通过相衬显微镜)以及元素组成和分布(例如掺杂,核/壳结构)相关。考虑到所提出的技术在允许研究单个纳米颗粒而不是纳米颗粒集合方面的独特能力,这项工作对理解尺寸依赖性质的起源的潜在影响预计是巨大的。在过去的二十年里,世界范围内的研究一直集中在理解当块状材料的尺寸缩小到小于10纳米(小于一米的一亿分之一)时,对其磁性、光学和电子特性的影响。研究这些与尺寸相关的特性的行为和起源对于在广泛的技术中充分利用它们至关重要:高密度磁记录、高速光学计算、太阳能、环境毒理学(包括化学和生物武器探测)、生物材料(例如人造器官)和用于先进医学测试的生物传感器。所研究材料的小尺寸要求开发新技术来了解其性质,因为传统的表征技术通常一次研究数百万个颗粒,而不是单独研究单个颗粒。该项目的目标是利用电子显微镜的新发展,将单个纳米颗粒的磁性、光学和电子行为与其特定的尺寸、形状、组成和表面结构联系起来。这将通过充分利用电子显微镜对小于0.2纳米尺寸的特征进行成像的能力,以及电子显微镜中光谱方法的新发展来实现,这些方法将允许从单个纳米颗粒中收集光学和电子数据。了解纳米材料的性质如何受到这些不同因素的影响,将扩展对物质基本性质的认识,并指出新的合成策略,以优化这类重要材料的性能。该奖项由美国国家科学基金会高级研究员计划支持。ADVANCE计划的总体任务是通过增加女性在学术科学和工程职业中的代表性和进步来增加女性在科学和工程劳动力中的参与度。

项目成果

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Valerie Leppert其他文献

Valerie Leppert的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Valerie Leppert', 18)}}的其他基金

Development of a Screening Tool for Nanotoxicology
纳米毒理学筛选工具的开发
  • 批准号:
    0854574
  • 财政年份:
    2009
  • 资助金额:
    $ 44.88万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
MRI: Acquisition of Cryogenic Capabilities for Microanalysis of Hard-Soft Nanoscale Materials in the Transmission Electron Microscope
MRI:获得在透射电子显微镜中对硬软纳米级材料进行微量分析的低温能力
  • 批准号:
    0521685
  • 财政年份:
    2005
  • 资助金额:
    $ 44.88万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant

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