US-Turkey Cooperative Research: Hydrothermal Alteration and Genesis of Halloysite Deposits Along the Active Southern Segments of North Anatolian Fault Zone, NW Turkey

描述：该奖项是为了支持格鲁吉亚雅典格鲁吉亚大学地质系的Paul Schroeder博士和土耳其伊斯坦布尔伊斯坦布尔技术大学地质科学系的O. Isik Ece博士的合作项目。从爱琴海到西安纳托利亚的北安纳托利亚断裂带和新特提斯缝合带的构造演化以及这些构造带内高岭土矿床的新发现，已成为地球科学家评估全球粘土工业资源和硅酸盐蚀变对全球气候变化影响程度的新焦点。本次联合研究的目的是确定(1)火山岩对高岭土群矿物的蚀变机制，并估计其在全球元素循环质量平衡中的作用；(2)母矿物、次生矿物和第三系矿物的分布，以估计热液蚀变带的范围；(3)通过水体的地球化学分析，验证火山凝灰岩的蚀变阶段和物理化学条件。在土耳其选择进行实地研究的地区具有与主要活跃的北安那托利亚断裂系统分支相关的矿物赋存和热液蚀变的独特特征。范围：野外环境特别适合检查导致形成经济可行矿床的地球化学和沉积学条件的全部范围。由于土耳其位于最活跃的断裂带之一，它为研究原生粘土矿物的热液蚀变（和工业次生粘土矿物的形成）提供了理想的环境。该项目将从物理特征和晶体化学的角度阐明化石热液系统和高质量工业层状硅酸盐的赋存情况。有可能发现可以服务于陶瓷市场的高岭土矿床。该研究可提供矿物学和地球化学信息，可用于了解其他高岭石和高岭石产状的成因。土耳其科学家将利用UGA的x射线衍射、透射电子显微镜和稳定同位素设施。地质学学生从佐治亚大学将获得宝贵的实地经验，并将受益于国际合作。该项目符合国际情报机构支持互利合作项目的标准。

0138023SchroederDescription: This award is for support of a cooperative project by Dr. Paul Schroeder, Department of Geology at the University of Georgia (UGA), Athens, Georgia and Dr. O. Isik Ece of the Geological Sciences Department of Istanbul Technical University (ITU) in Istanbul, Turkey. Tectonic evolution of North Anatolian Fault zone and Neo-Tethys suture belts from Aegean Sea to Western Anatolia and the recent discovery of kaolin deposits within these tectonic belts have become a new focus of earth scientists in assessing resources in the global clay industry and the magnitude of silicate alteration effects on global climate change. The purpose of this joint research is to determine (1) the alteration mechanism of volcanic rocks to kaolin group minerals, and estimate its role in the mass-balance of global element cycles, (2) the distribution of parent, secondary and tertiary minerals in order to estimate the extent of hydrothermal alteration zones, and (3) to verify alteration stages and physico-chemical conditions of volcanic tuffs by geochemical analysis of the waters. The area selected for field research in Turkey has unique features of mineral occurrences and hydrothermal alterations associated with branches of major active North Anatolian Fault system. Scope: The field setting is particularly suitable to examine the full range of geochemical and sedimentological conditions leading to the formation of economically viable deposits. Because Turkey is on one of the most active fault zones, it provides an ideal setting to study hydrothermal alteration of primary (and formation of industrial secondary) clay minerals. The project will shed new light on fossil hydrothermal systems and on the occurrence of high quality industrial phyllosilicates from the point of view of physical features and crystal chemistry. There is a possibility for the discovery of halloysite deposits that could serve the ceramic markets. This study could provide mineralogical and geochemical information that can be utilized in understanding the genesis of other kaolinite and halloysite occurrences. Turkish scientists will utilize the X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscope and stable isotope facilities at UGA. Geology students from UGA will gain valuable field experience and will benefit from the international collaboration. The project meets INT criteria for support of cooperative projects that are mutually beneficial.