SGER: Mechanisms of Resilence in the Face of On-Going Threat

这笔用于探索性研究的小额赠款调查了人们对2001年9月11日恐怖袭击事件表现出弹性反应的机制。该项目的重点是积极的情绪如何在面对持续的威胁时允许心理弹性。心理韧性包括克服压力，甚至在逆境中茁壮成长的能力。现有文献大多侧重于复原力的预测因素(例如，个人、社会保护因素)及其结果(例如，积极的心理和身体健康)。值得注意的是，很少有人注意到促成这种能力良好发展的基本机制，特别是在面临持续的压力经历的情况下。鉴于2001年9月11日世贸中心和五角大楼遭受恐怖袭击后持续存在的威胁和脆弱性，包括涉及生物恐怖主义、战争和经济动荡的威胁，重要的是审查保护个人免受与持续的严重压力相关的负面心理后果的因素。与未来事件的模糊性相关的持续威胁可能会对个人在许多生活领域的未来事件的决策策略产生可怕的后果，可能导致对个人的心理和身体损害。这个项目考察了三种可能的机制，它们可能开始解释积极情绪在实现韧性方面的有用过程，特别是在面临持续威胁的情况下：情绪复杂性、注意力和对模棱两可的容忍。该项目的目的是对一个概念模型进行初步测试，该模型说明了积极情绪如何促进心理弹性。

This small grant for exploratory research investigates the mechanisms by which people show resilient responses to the events surrounding the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks. The project focuses on how positive emotions allow for psychological resilience in the face of ongoing threat. Psychological resilience involves the ability to overcome stress and even thrive in the face of adversity. Much of the existing literature focuses on the predictors of resilience (e.g., individual, social protective factors) and their outcomes (e.g., positive mental and physical health). Remarkably, very little attention has been given to the underlying mechanisms that contribute to this capacity to fare well, especially in the face of ongoing stressful experiences. In light of the continuing threat and vulnerability associated with the aftermath of the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and Pentagon, including threats involving bioterrorism, war, and economic turbulence, it is important to examine the factors that protect individuals from developing negative psychological consequences associated with on-going stress of a serious nature. The continued threat associated with the ambiguity of future events could have dire consequences on an individual's decision-making strategies for future events in a host of life domains, possibly resulting in psychological and physical damage to the individual. This project examines three possible mechanisms that might begin to explain the process by which positive emotions are useful in achieving resilience, especially in the face of ongoing threat: emotional complexity, attention, and tolerance of ambiguity. The aim of the project is to conduct initial tests of a conceptual model, which illustrates how positive emotions promote psychological resilience.