DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Opsin Evolution in Mysid Shrimp: A Model for Spectral Tuning

论文研究：糠虾中的视蛋白进化：光谱调谐模型

• 批准号: 0206537
• 负责人: Keith Crandall
• 金额: $ 0.98万
• 依托单位: Brigham Young University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-06-01 至 2004-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0206537&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DISSERTATION; RESEARCH; Opsin; Evolution; Mysid

A grant has been awarded to Dr. Keith Crandall and Ms. Megan Porter at Brigham Young University to study the visual pigment gene in mysid shrimp (Mysidacea:Mysidae). Visual pigments consist of an opsin protein and associated receptors responsible for the detection of light, making vision possible. The wavelengths of light that visual pigments can detect differ between species, where differences in wavelength detection are due to changes in the opsin gene. This provides an opportunity for organisms to 'tune' visual pigments to the light present in the environment. Mysid shrimp, where species occur in different aquatic habitats with respect to light, are an appropriate model system to investigate this spectral tuning. The goal of this research is to evaluate the relationship among environment, the sequences of the opsin gene, and the wavelengths of light mysid species from different habitats are capable of detecting. This will be accomplished by constructing the phylogenetic relationships among the mysid species being studied, determining the sequence of the opsin gene found in each species, and measuring the wavelengths of light that each visual pigment absorbs. Visual pigments are proteins that belong to a large family of receptors that have been identified as critical in cellular communication systems, including the detection of hormones, neurotransmitters, odorants, and photons. However, very little is understood about invertebrate opsins. By elucidating the mechanisms controlling the tuning of visual pigments to different wavelengths in mysid shrimp, this study will provide a framework for testing opsin evolution in other organisms. Additionally, the mysid shrimps are an important crustacean group ecologically, providing a large food base for many species in both freshwater and marine ecosystems. Mysid species are also commonly used as aquatic bioindicators. This study will be the first to construct the phylogenetic relationships within a large group of mysid species and will provide the necessary framework for future studies in ecology, toxicology, and evolution.

杨百翰大学的Keith Crandall博士和Megan Porter女士获得了一项资助，用于研究Mysid虾(Mysidacea：Mysidae)的视觉色素基因。视觉色素由一种视蛋白和相关的受体组成，负责检测光线，使视觉成为可能。视觉色素可以检测到的光的波长在不同物种之间不同，其中波长检测的差异是由于视蛋白基因的变化。这为有机体提供了一个机会，让它们根据环境中存在的光线来调整视觉色素。Mysid虾是研究这种光谱调谐的合适模型系统，它的物种出现在不同的水生生境中。本研究的目的是评估环境、视蛋白基因序列和来自不同栖息地的光Mysid物种能够检测到的波长之间的关系。这将通过构建正在研究的Mysid物种之间的系统发育关系，确定在每个物种中发现的视蛋白基因序列，并测量每种视觉色素吸收的光的波长来实现。视觉色素是属于受体大家族的蛋白质，已被确认为在细胞通讯系统中至关重要，包括检测激素、神经递质、气味和光子。然而，人们对无脊椎动物的眼球知之甚少。通过阐明Mysid虾视觉色素对不同波长的调节机制，本研究将为测试其他生物的视蛋白进化提供一个框架。此外，虾类在生态上是一个重要的甲壳类群，为淡水和海洋生态系统中的许多物种提供了大量的食物基地。Mysid物种也通常用作水生生物指示剂。这项研究将首次建立一大群Mysid物种之间的系统发育关系，并将为未来在生态学、毒理学和进化方面的研究提供必要的框架。