Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: Archaeology and Maya Identity in the Cuchumatan Highlands of Guatemala

博士论文改进补助金：危地马拉库楚马坦高地的考古学和玛雅身份

• 批准号: 0208553
• 负责人: Robert Sharer
• 金额: $ 0.89万
• 依托单位: University of Pennsylvania
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-06-01 至 2003-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0208553&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Improvement; Grant; Archaeology

Under the direction of Robert J. Sharer, Greg Borgstede will conduct investigations on the archaeology of ethnicity in the western highlands of Guatemala among the Huista and Acateco Maya currently living in the area. The primary purpose of the research is to uncover the material remains of ethnic identity among groups with no written history. The Huista-Acateco Archaeological Project (HAAP) will focus on two distinct, homogenous ethnic groups, in a relatively small region, in order to ascertain how and when ethnic changes occurred in the two groups. This case is ideal for the study of the archeology of ethnicity since the Huista and Acateco Maya are today two distinct, homogenous ethnic groups. Their small population size and the relatively small area inhabited make archeological studies of both groups feasible. Two questions will be addressed: Can modern ethnic groups be identified in or correlated with the archaeological record? And what is the relation between an ethnic group's modern situation and its historical development, as shown through archaeology and its material traces? In an attempt to answer these questions, the HAAP will consist of: archaeological surveys, primarily locating and mapping archaeological sites in the previously unstudied region; archaeological excavations of the discovered sites; analysis of artifacts; and oral history collection. The changing nature of culture at the turn of the millennium, as many social scientists have pointed out, is toward increased globalization, normalization, and westernization. While this is undoubtedly true, it masks the increased regionalization and balkanization of many cultures of the world: processes that are often phrased in terms of ethnic groups and ethnic identity. These ethnic groups often base claims of political and cultural identity on long historical cultural continuity. Historians have addressed these claims in cases where historical records are available, but archaeologists have largely ignored the topic. The significance of the HAAP is that it will analyze the relevance of archaeology to conceptions of ethnic identity. The results will be directly applicable to these groups themselves, particularly in their claims to cultural and political representation in the Guatemalan society. These groups, marginalized because of decades of civil war, have only recently begun to develop a sense of cultural self-determination, and an interest in their own, unwritten history. The results will also provide a broader framework for understanding how ethnicity can be traced through the material remains available to archaeology.

在罗伯特·J·沙勒（Robert J. Sharer）的指导下，格雷格·博格斯泰德（Greg Borgstede）将对危地马拉西部高地目前居住在该地区的惠斯塔人和阿卡特科玛雅人进行种族考古调查。 这项研究的主要目的是在没有文字记载的历史的群体中发现种族认同的物质遗迹。 Huista-Batteco考古项目将侧重于一个相对较小的地区的两个不同的同质族裔群体，以确定这两个群体如何以及何时发生族裔变化。这个案例是研究种族考古学的理想选择，因为今天的Huista和Maia是两个不同的同质种族群体。 他们的人口规模小，居住面积相对较小，使得对这两个群体的考古研究成为可能。 将解决两个问题：现代民族群体可以确定或与考古记录？一个民族的现代状况与其历史发展之间的关系，从考古学和物质痕迹上看，又是怎样的呢？ 为了回答这些问题，HAAP将包括：考古调查，主要是在以前未研究的地区定位和绘制考古遗址;对已发现遗址进行考古挖掘;文物分析;和口述历史收集。正如许多社会科学家指出的那样，在千年之交，文化的变化性质是朝着全球化、正常化和西方化的方向发展。虽然这无疑是正确的，但它掩盖了世界上许多文化日益区域化和巴尔干化的现象：这一进程往往以族裔群体和族裔身份来表述。 这些族裔群体往往以长期的历史文化连续性作为政治和文化身份的要求。 历史学家在有历史记录的情况下解决了这些索赔，但考古学家在很大程度上忽略了这个话题。 HAAP的重要性在于它将分析考古学与种族认同概念的相关性。调查结果将直接适用于这些群体本身，特别是在他们要求在危地马拉社会中享有文化和政治代表权方面。 这些群体由于几十年的内战而被边缘化，直到最近才开始发展文化自决意识，并对自己的不成文历史感兴趣。 研究结果还将提供一个更广泛的框架，以了解如何通过考古学可用的材料遗骸来追踪种族。