Configurable and Composable Systems Mechanisms Supporting Multi-Property Quality of Service for Memory and Power Constrained Embedded Systems

支持内存和功率受限嵌入式系统多属性服务质量的可配置和可组合系统机制

• 批准号: 0209211
• 负责人: David Bakken
• 金额: $ 10万
• 依托单位: Washington State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-08-01 至 2004-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0209211&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Configurable; Composable; Systems; Mechanisms; Supporting

Project AbstractEmbedded systems are rapidly becoming pervasive and are being deployed on a wide range of devices for an even wider range of applications. The chief device constraints are memory and power, and embedded applications require a wide range of Quality of Service (QoS) properties. A serious problem with systems software for embedded systems is that it is not yet suitable for reuse in different situations. Commercial and research systems software typically falls short in one or more of four ways. First, the software is derived from a larger base or from high-level abstractions such as patterns, and does not scale down far enough. Second, the software offers a point solution, with hard coded constraints on both the systems software infrastructure and the embedded device's characteristics. Third, different QoS levels are not offered or are very limited. Fourth, power conservation is not usually considered.The goal of this two-year research project is to develop a scientific foundation to overcome the limitations outlined above. This research addresses fundamental questions in four areas: baseline architectural constraints, QoS properties and their compositions, network-wide composition, and software engineering. As a byproduct, a new systems software framework with new and more configurable systems mechanisms is in development to quantify and validate the answers to these fundamental questions.The project's research on baseline architectural constraints ascertains necessary conditions to achieve small memory and constrained resource usage (ignoring QoS) at a fine granularity, exploring the fundamental tradeoffs in systems software mechanisms and functionality that enable this. This baseline is then extended for multiple QoS properties, including new combinations of lightweight QoS mechanisms, given the fundamental QoS costs, alternative composition strategies, and tradeoffs among them. Research on network-wide composition investigates the fundamental interactions in networks of devices, including techniques to predict and regulate the effect of a given node's behavior on global system properties. The work on software engineering investigates ways to utilize aspects, patterns, and tools in composing middleware for embedded systems. The long- range goal is that application code can be auto-generated in a fine-grained manner so that it does not contain overly general or unnecessary functionality.QoS mechanisms are being developed to address various issues. For example, computer security encompasses many concepts (e.g., confidentiality, integrity, authorization) each of which can be provided at multiple levels or strengths of service. Likewise, many fault tolerance mechanisms exist. This project extends the understanding of how multiple mechanisms from multiple QoS properties (e.g., security, fault tolerance, real-time behavior) can be composed.The impact of this research, if successful, is broad. First, it will enable embedded systems applications to be more easily programmed, more robust, and more easily verified. The multi-property QoS analysis and mechanisms from this project will be transitioned through integration into the GridStat research effort, led by the PI under NIST's Critical Infrastructure Protection research program. GridStat is middleware that must deliver status information to the power grid. Exploiting multiple QoS, properties, namely security, timeliness, and fault tolerance, can support in better control and monitoring of the electric power grid, a critical (and vulnerable) infrastructure.

嵌入式系统正迅速普及，并被部署在广泛的设备上，用于更广泛的应用。主要的设备限制是内存和功率，嵌入式应用程序需要广泛的服务质量（QoS）属性。嵌入式系统系统软件的一个严重问题是，它还不适合在不同情况下重用。商业和研究系统软件通常在四个方面中的一个或多个方面存在不足。首先，软件是从更大的基础或高级抽象（如模式）派生出来的，并且没有足够的伸缩。其次，该软件提供了一个点解决方案，对系统软件基础设施和嵌入式设备的特性都有硬编码约束。第三，没有提供不同的QoS级别或非常有限。第四，通常不考虑节能。这个为期两年的研究项目的目标是为克服上述局限性建立科学基础。本研究解决了四个领域的基本问题：基线架构约束、QoS属性及其组合、网络范围组合和软件工程。作为副产品，一个新的系统软件框架和新的和更可配置的系统机制正在开发中，以量化和验证这些基本问题的答案。该项目对基线架构约束的研究确定了在细粒度上实现小内存和受限资源使用（忽略QoS）的必要条件，探索了实现这一目标的系统、软件机制和功能中的基本权衡。然后，该基线扩展到多个QoS属性，包括轻量级QoS机制的新组合，给定基本QoS成本、可选组合策略以及它们之间的权衡。网络范围内的组成研究调查了设备网络中的基本相互作用，包括预测和调节给定节点的行为对全局系统属性的影响的技术。软件工程方面的工作研究了在组合嵌入式系统中间件时利用方面、模式和工具的方法。长期目标是应用程序代码可以以细粒度的方式自动生成，这样它就不会包含过于一般化或不必要的功能。正在开发QoS机制来解决各种问题。例如，计算机安全包含许多概念（例如，机密性、完整性、授权），每个概念都可以在多个级别或服务强度上提供。同样，存在许多容错机制。这个项目扩展了对如何从多个QoS属性（例如，安全性、容错、实时行为）组成多个机制的理解。这项研究如果成功，其影响将是广泛的。首先，它将使嵌入式系统应用程序更容易编程，更健壮，更容易验证。该项目的多属性QoS分析和机制将通过整合到GridStat研究工作中，由NIST关键基础设施保护研究计划下的PI领导。GridStat是向电网传递状态信息的中间件。利用多个QoS属性，即安全性、及时性和容错性，可以更好地控制和监视电网，这是一个关键的（易受攻击的）基础设施。