Structure and Reactivity of Short-Lived Organic Intermediates

在有机和大分子化学项目的支持下，约翰·霍普金斯大学化学系的约翰·托斯卡诺教授正在研究短寿命有机中间体的结构和反应性。托斯卡诺教授将使用时间分辨红外光谱技术，结合实验和计算研究，研究芳基nitrenium离子、氧亚硝基nitrenes和氧硝基nitrenium离子的化学性质。生物学上重要的芳基氮离子与鸟嘌呤的反应将被研究以阐明机理细节。将开发新的氧化亚硝基烯和氧化亚硝基离子的光化学前体，并对这些反应中间体的化学和光谱学进行阐述。有机化学反应通常是通过形成相对不稳定的中间化合物来进行的，这些中间化合物只存在一段时间。这些中间体还参与许多生化反应，并在许多过程中发挥关键作用，包括化学致癌作用。通过研究反应性中间体的形成、结构和反应化学，人们可以获得有关化学反应性性质的基本信息和预防化学诱发的危害（如致癌性）的潜在线索。约翰·霍普金斯大学化学系的约翰·托斯卡诺教授使用时间分辨红外光谱学工具进行化学反应的研究，红外光谱学可以提供有机化合物结构的关键信息，它的强大技术被用来跟踪化学反应过程中活性中间体的形成和消失。

With the support of the Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry Program, Professor John Toscano, of the Department of Chemistry at Johns Hopkins University, is studying the structure and reactivity of short-lived organic intermediates. Professor Toscano will use the technique of time-resolved infrared spectroscopy, combined with experimental and calculational studies, to examine the chemistry of arylnitrenium ions, oxynitrenes, and oxynitrenium ions. The biologically important reaction of arylnitrenium ions with guanine will be examined to clarify mechanistic details. New photochemical precursors to oxynitrenes and oxynitrenium ions will be developed, and the chemistry and spectroscopy of these reactive intermediates will be elucidated.Organic chemical reactions frequently proceed via the formation of relatively unstable intermediate compounds of only fleeting existence. Such intermediates are also involved in many biochemical reactions and play key roles in numerous processes, including chemical carcinogenesis. By studying the formation, structure, and reaction chemistry of reactive intermediates, one may obtain fundamental information about the nature of chemical reactivity and potential leads for the prevention of chemically-induced hazards such as carcinogenicity. Professor John Toscano, of the Department of Chemistry at Johns Hopkins University, carries out studies of chemical reactions using the tool of time-resolved infrared spectroscopy, in which the powerful technique of infrared spectroscopy, which can provide key information about the structure of organic compounds, is used to follow the formation and disappearance of reactive intermediates during the course of a chemical reaction.