Structure and Reactivity of Short-Lived Organic Intermediates

短寿命有机中间体的结构和反应性

• 批准号: 0209350
• 负责人: John Toscano
• 金额: $ 41.02万
• 依托单位: Johns Hopkins University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-08-15 至 2005-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0209350&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Structure; Reactivity; Short; Lived; Organic

With the support of the Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry Program, Professor John Toscano, of the Department of Chemistry at Johns Hopkins University, is studying the structure and reactivity of short-lived organic intermediates. Professor Toscano will use the technique of time-resolved infrared spectroscopy, combined with experimental and calculational studies, to examine the chemistry of arylnitrenium ions, oxynitrenes, and oxynitrenium ions. The biologically important reaction of arylnitrenium ions with guanine will be examined to clarify mechanistic details. New photochemical precursors to oxynitrenes and oxynitrenium ions will be developed, and the chemistry and spectroscopy of these reactive intermediates will be elucidated.Organic chemical reactions frequently proceed via the formation of relatively unstable intermediate compounds of only fleeting existence. Such intermediates are also involved in many biochemical reactions and play key roles in numerous processes, including chemical carcinogenesis. By studying the formation, structure, and reaction chemistry of reactive intermediates, one may obtain fundamental information about the nature of chemical reactivity and potential leads for the prevention of chemically-induced hazards such as carcinogenicity. Professor John Toscano, of the Department of Chemistry at Johns Hopkins University, carries out studies of chemical reactions using the tool of time-resolved infrared spectroscopy, in which the powerful technique of infrared spectroscopy, which can provide key information about the structure of organic compounds, is used to follow the formation and disappearance of reactive intermediates during the course of a chemical reaction.

在有机与高分子化学项目的支持下，约翰·霍普金斯大学化学系的约翰·托斯卡诺教授正在研究短寿命有机中间体的结构和反应性。托斯卡诺教授将利用时间分辨红外光谱技术，结合实验和计算研究，研究芳基氮鎓离子、氧氮烯和氧氮鎓离子的化学性质。将检查芳基氮鎓离子与鸟嘌呤的生物学重要反应，以阐明机制细节。将开发氧氮烯和氧氮鎓离子的新光化学前体，并阐明这些反应性中间体的化学和光谱学。有机化学反应经常通过形成转瞬即逝的相对不稳定的中间体化合物来进行。此类中间体还参与许多生化反应，并在许多过程中发挥关键作用，包括化学致癌作用。通过研究反应中间体的形成、结构和反应化学，人们可以获得有关化学反应性质的基本信息以及预防化学诱发危害（例如致癌性）的潜在线索。约翰·霍普金斯大学化学系教授约翰·托斯卡诺（John Toscano）利用时间分辨红外光谱工具进行化学反应研究，红外光谱技术可以提供有关有机化合物结构的关键信息，可以用来追踪化学反应过程中反应中间体的形成和消失。