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SGER: Smectite Incubation of Organic Molecules in Seafloor Hydrothermal Systems

SGER：海底热液系统中有机分子的蒙皂石孵化

基本信息

批准号：
0210954
负责人：
Lynda Williams
金额：
$ 5万
依托单位：
Arizona State University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2002-03-15 至 2003-02-28
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0210954&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
SGER Smectite Incubation Organic Molecules

项目摘要

The PIs propose an experimental study to examine how the catalysis of organic molecules may be influenced by the conversion of smectite to illite via the I/S (illite/smectite) transitional structural states. Basically, simple organic molecules may be held in interlayer smectite sites while the smectite converts to illite. This mineralogic change could catalyze the formation of more complex organic products in present day hydrothermal systems and the early earth, with implications for the origin of life. The idea is that the polymerized organics would be protected by being in interlayer positions. Experiments will be conducted at 300 degrees C, 250 degrees C, and 200 degrees C, and 250 bars, an appropriate pressure for seafloor hydrothermal systems. Experiments will explore the effects of different starting concentrations, Eh, pH, and salinity conditions on catalysis of polymerized organic molecules. Some experiments will be in sealed capsules, whereas others will be in large vessels that can be sampled from time to time as the smectite changes to illite, with interlayer organics presumably also changing in interesting ways. The experimental materials will be analyzed with XRF, GCMS, HPLC, IC, and FTIR plus MALDI-TOF, a new technique for analyzing small amounts of organics on solids in situ.

PI提出了一项实验研究，以研究如何通过I/S（伊利石/蒙皂石）过渡结构状态将蒙皂石转化为伊利石，从而影响有机分子的催化作用。基本上，简单的有机分子可以保持在层间蒙脱石网站，而蒙脱石转化为伊利石。这种矿物学上的变化可以催化现今热液系统和早期地球中更复杂的有机产物的形成，并对生命的起源产生影响。这个想法是，聚合的有机物将通过处于层间位置而受到保护。实验将在300摄氏度、250摄氏度和200摄氏度以及250巴的压力下进行，这是海底热液系统的适当压力。实验将探索不同的起始浓度，Eh，pH值和盐度条件对聚合有机分子的催化作用的影响。一些实验将在密封的胶囊中进行，而另一些实验将在大型容器中进行，随着蒙皂石转变为伊利石，层间有机物可能也会以有趣的方式发生变化，这些容器可以不时取样。实验材料将使用XRF，GCMS，HPLC，IC和FTIR加上MALDI-TOF进行分析，这是一种用于原位分析固体上少量有机物的新技术。