SGER: Smectite Incubation of Organic Molecules in Seafloor Hydrothermal Systems

SGER：海底热液系统中有机分子的蒙皂石孵化

• 批准号: 0210954
• 负责人: Lynda Williams
• 金额: $ 5万
• 依托单位: Arizona State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-03-15 至 2003-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0210954&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SGER; Smectite; Incubation; Organic; Molecules

The PIs propose an experimental study to examine how the catalysis of organic molecules may be influenced by the conversion of smectite to illite via the I/S (illite/smectite) transitional structural states. Basically, simple organic molecules may be held in interlayer smectite sites while the smectite converts to illite. This mineralogic change could catalyze the formation of more complex organic products in present day hydrothermal systems and the early earth, with implications for the origin of life. The idea is that the polymerized organics would be protected by being in interlayer positions. Experiments will be conducted at 300 degrees C, 250 degrees C, and 200 degrees C, and 250 bars, an appropriate pressure for seafloor hydrothermal systems. Experiments will explore the effects of different starting concentrations, Eh, pH, and salinity conditions on catalysis of polymerized organic molecules. Some experiments will be in sealed capsules, whereas others will be in large vessels that can be sampled from time to time as the smectite changes to illite, with interlayer organics presumably also changing in interesting ways. The experimental materials will be analyzed with XRF, GCMS, HPLC, IC, and FTIR plus MALDI-TOF, a new technique for analyzing small amounts of organics on solids in situ.

PIS提出了一项实验研究，以检查有机分子的催化如何受到蒙脱石通过I/S（Illite/genectite）过渡结构状态转化为Illite的催化。基本上，简单的有机分子可以在层间蒙脱石位点保存，而蒙脱石转化为伊利石。这种矿物质学变化可以催化当今水热系统和早期地球的更复杂有机产品的形成，对生命的起源产生影响。想法是，聚合有机物将通过层间位置来保护。实验将在300度C，250摄氏度和200度C和250 bar下进行，这是海底热液系统的适当压力。实验将探讨不同起始浓度，EH，pH和盐度条件对聚合有机分子催化的影响。一些实验将用于密封的胶囊，而另一些实验将是在大容器中，可以随着蒙脱石变为伊利特的变化，可以不时采样，而层间有机物也大概也以有趣的方式变化。实验材料将使用XRF，GCMS，HPLC，IC和FTIR加MALDI-TOF进行分析，这是一种用于分析原位固体少量有机物的新技术。