Collaborative Research: Uncovering the Role of Land-Atmosphere Feedbacks on Flash Drought Intensification, Severity, and Expansion

合作研究：揭示陆地-大气反馈对突发干旱加剧、严重程度和扩大的作用

• 批准号: 2303457
• 负责人: Tobias Gerken
• 金额: $ 14.21万
• 依托单位: James Madison University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-08-15 至 2025-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2303457&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Uncovering; Role; Land

Droughts can lead to massive economic, social, environmental, and agricultural impacts around the world. They occur across a wide range of total areas and duration. Flash droughts, which rapidly intensify over multi-week time periods, pose challenges for traditional drought monitoring and forecasting tools that are unable to capture rapid changes. Their rapid development has been linked to connections between the land and atmosphere that can make the land surface dry even faster, but these feedbacks and the conditions under which flash droughts occur are poorly understood. This project seeks to better understand the conditions in which land-atmosphere interactions contribute to rapid drought intensification and ways observations can be used to accurately describe these conditions. This project will develop a database that captures both slowly developing and flash drought events and will investigate metrics to assess coupling between the land and atmosphere to improve our understanding of flash drought development. The research tasks will increase our understanding of flash drought processes and characteristics, and their relationship to large-scale droughts, which will help answer whether flash droughts indeed present a separate class of drought. Through research conducted at James Madison University, an emerging research institution with primarily undergraduate students, this project will also train undergraduate students in environmental data science, including data analysis and visualization. The project will provide opportunities for capstone projects for students in the Integrated Science and Technology program to apply their systems analysis skills to the socially relevant topic of drought. Course materials will be developed to bring drought related materials into the university classroom.This project is jointly funded by the Climate and Large-Scale Dynamics Program and Division of Atmospheric and Geospace Sciences to support projects that increase research capabilities, capacity and infrastructure at a wide variety of institution types, as outlined in the GEO EMBRACE DCL.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

干旱可能会对世界各地的经济、社会、环境和农业造成巨大影响。它们发生在广泛的总面积和持续时间。在数周时间内迅速加剧的突发干旱对无法捕捉快速变化的传统干旱监测和预报工具构成挑战。它们的快速发展与土地和大气之间的联系有关，这种联系可以使陆地表面更快地干燥，但人们对这些反馈以及发生闪电干旱的条件知之甚少。该项目旨在更好地了解土地-大气相互作用导致干旱迅速加剧的条件，以及如何利用观测准确描述这些条件。该项目将开发一个数据库，捕捉缓慢发展和突发干旱事件，并将调查评估土地和大气之间耦合的指标，以提高我们对突发干旱发展的理解。研究任务将增加我们对突发干旱过程和特征的理解，以及它们与大规模干旱的关系，这将有助于回答突发干旱是否确实是一种单独的干旱。通过在詹姆斯麦迪逊大学进行的研究，这是一个新兴的研究机构，主要是本科生，该项目还将培训本科生环境数据科学，包括数据分析和可视化。该项目将为综合科学和技术项目的学生提供顶点项目的机会，将他们的系统分析技能应用于干旱的社会相关主题。该项目由气候和大规模动力学计划以及大气和地球空间科学司共同资助，旨在支持各种机构提高研究能力、能力和基础设施的项目，该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。