QEIB: Gas Exchange Across Insect Eggshells

QEIB：昆虫蛋壳之间的气体交换

• 批准号: 0213087
• 负责人: Harry Woods
• 金额: $ 5.31万
• 依托单位: University of Texas at Austin
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-08-15 至 2004-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0213087&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: QEIB; Gas; Exchange; Across; Insect

Despite a large literature on insect eggshell morphology, little is known about the relationship between eggshell morphology and gas transport. This award will support the development of a mathematical model that explicitly connects gas flux to eggshell morphology. The equations will incorporate 6 - 8 of what appear a priori to be important eggshell morphological parameters. The model will then be solved numerically and used in two primary ways. (i) Sensitivity analyses will identify which morphological parameters have the strongest influence on gas flux. Subsequent morphological work on a common North American moth, Manduca sexta, will concentrate on getting the best measures of the most important parameters. (ii) Once the morphological parameters have been obtained, they will be used in conjunction with the model to predict total eggshell permeability to each of the three gases. These predictions will then be compared with direct measures of the permeability from other experimental work currently in progress. A good match will indicate that all significant factors affecting eggshell permeability have been accounted for and understood. A poor match will lead to additional mathematical and experimental work to identify the source of error (and in the process an important component of eggshell function). Thus, by design the mathematical and experimental progress will be iterative and co-dependent. The outcome will be a robust model that captures the essential elements of eggshell function. Such a model will be useful in a number of ways. (i) Many species, including Manduca sexta, have geographic ranges that span a variety of temperature and humidity conditions. The model will provide a tool for predicting how eggshell structure may vary intra-specifically across abiotic environmental gradients. (ii) Insects as a group exhibit spectacular diversity in eggshell form. The model will provide a way to predict how this morphological diversity affects permeability characteristics. (iii) An important methodology for controlling some crop pests, especially pests of stored-grains, is atmosphere manipulation. In conjunction with morphological data on eggs of pests species, the model will provide a way of evaluating atmosphere-based control strategies. (iv) Student training in mathematics and modeling is increasingly important in biology. The project provides an ideal vehicle for training students to think about the relationship between models and experimental work. The award will support a graduate student to participate in model development and parameterization, and it is highly likely that additional undergraduates will also participate.

尽管有大量关于昆虫蛋壳形态的文献，但对蛋壳形态与气体运输之间的关系知之甚少。 该奖项将支持一个数学模型的开发，该模型将气体通量与蛋壳形态明确联系起来。 这些方程将包含6 - 8个先验的蛋壳形态学参数。 然后，该模型将被数值求解，并以两种主要方式使用。(i)敏感性分析将确定哪些形态参数对气体通量的影响最大。 随后对一种常见的北美蛾Manduca sexta的形态学研究将集中在获得最重要参数的最佳测量上。 (ii)一旦获得形态参数，它们将与模型结合使用，以预测蛋壳对三种气体中每一种的总渗透率。 然后将这些预测与目前正在进行的其他实验工作的渗透率的直接测量进行比较。 一个好的匹配将表明所有影响蛋壳渗透性的重要因素都已被解释和理解。 一个糟糕的匹配将导致额外的数学和实验工作，以确定错误的来源（在这个过程中，蛋壳函数的重要组成部分）。 因此，通过设计，数学和实验的进展将是迭代和相互依赖的。 其结果将是一个强大的模型，捕捉蛋壳功能的基本要素。 这样一个模型在许多方面都是有用的。(i)许多物种，包括Manducasexta，都有跨越各种温度和湿度条件的地理范围。 该模型将提供一种工具，用于预测蛋壳结构如何在非生物环境梯度中特异性地变化。 (ii)昆虫作为一个群体在蛋壳形态上表现出惊人的多样性。 该模型将提供一种方法来预测这种形态多样性如何影响渗透率特性。 (iii)控制某些作物害虫，特别是储藏谷物害虫的一个重要方法是大气调控。 结合害虫卵的形态学数据，该模型将提供一种评估基于大气的控制策略的方法。 (iv)在生物学中，数学和建模的学生培训越来越重要。 该项目为培养学生思考模型与实验工作之间的关系提供了一个理想的工具。 该奖项将支持一名研究生参与模型开发和参数化，而且很可能还有更多的本科生也将参与其中。