Marker Analysis of Dog Breeds to Identify Genes of Large Phenotypic Effect

对狗品种进行标记分析以识别具有大表型效应的基因

• 批准号: 0213905
• 负责人: Robert Wayne
• 金额: $ 5万
• 依托单位: University of California-Los Angeles
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-09-15 至 2003-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0213905&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Marker; Analysis; Dog; Breeds; Identify

0213905WayneThe domestic dog is without question the most diverse species with regard to size and conformation. Further, many conformation traits are fixed in breeds and it is argued that these traits may often have a simple genetic basis. Therefore, the dog is a good model for identification of genes that have a consequential effect on skeletal development. A novel experimental design is presented that aims to uncover specific genes that influence conformation, coat color and behavior. The design utilizes a case controlled approach in which breed that share similar traits are scanned with 540 framework markers. Regions of the genome that have low variability in a subset of markers are likely to contain genes that have been the object of selection in breeds. Statistical and molecular tools are defined that will allow fine-scale mapping and eventual identification of major genes influencing traits. To demonstrate the viability of the approach, three small studies are proposed: 1) a genomic scan of 20 breeds thought to be inbred to demonstrate they have sufficient variation for our experimental design; 2) a genomic scan of three breeds sharing the achondroplasia phenotype (short legged dogs) to show that the gene for this trait can be identified; and 3) determination of the extent of homozygosity signal in regions flanking a gene known to cause a coat color phenotype in one breed. This project will test the feasibility of a new approach to discover genes that have consequential effects on size and conformation. Further, the footprint that intense selection leaves in the genome will be determined. This may enable new approaches for gene mapping and provide a better understanding of skeletal development and evolution.

0213905韦恩家犬无疑是最多样化的物种方面的大小和构象。此外，许多构象性状在品种中是固定的，并且有人认为这些性状通常可能具有简单的遗传基础。因此，狗是一个很好的模型，用于识别对骨骼发育有重要影响的基因。提出了一种新的实验设计，旨在揭示影响构象，毛色和行为的特定基因。该设计利用病例对照方法，其中用540个框架标记扫描具有相似性状的品种。在一个标记子集中具有低变异性的基因组区域可能包含已成为品种选择对象的基因。统计和分子工具的定义，将允许精细规模的映射和影响性状的主要基因的最终识别。为了证明该方法的可行性，提出了三个小的研究：1）对20个被认为是近交系的品种进行基因组扫描，以证明它们具有足够的变异用于我们的实验设计; 2）对共享软骨发育不全表型的三个品种进行基因组扫描（短腿狗），以表明这种特征的基因可以识别;和3）确定已知在一个品种中引起毛色表型的基因侧翼区域中纯合性信号的程度。 该项目将测试一种新方法的可行性，以发现对大小和构象有重大影响的基因。此外，强烈选择在基因组中留下的足迹将被确定。这可能为基因定位提供新的方法，并提供更好的理解骨骼发育和进化。