Doctoral Dissertation Research in Political Science: Open or Closed For Business? The Political Economy of Trade Protection in Developing Nations

政治学博士论文研究：开放还是关闭？

• 批准号: 0214097
• 负责人: Wendy Hansen
• 金额: $ 0.98万
• 依托单位: University of New Mexico
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-07-01 至 2003-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0214097&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Political; Science

This Doctoral Dissertation Research Support project moves beyond the existing literature on the politics of economic reform and specifically trade policy by focusing on the recent aggressive use of antidumping (AD) policy in the developing world. Evidence suggests that governments have been simultaneously "reforming" trade on the level of macroeconomic policy by slashing tariffs while adopting "backdoor" mechanisms to reverse trade liberalization at the less visible level of regulatory policy. There are not, however, adequate explanations for variation in nations' sudden use of these policies, nor have the determinants of the decision to provide protection been clearly identified.The research combines an in-depth qualitative and quantitative comparison of AD policy in three major developing countries-Argentina, Mexico, and South Africa-with a large-n, cross-national statistical analysis of the political and economic determinants of trade protection across the developing world. Focusing upon variation in the decision to create a national AD agency and agencies' subsequent general propensity to protect, the research sheds light upon the ways in which interest group pressure and institutional context shape policy adoption and implementation. In particular, the study fleshes out how characteristics of the executive and the AD agency interact with other variables to affect the policy process. The study draws upon a mixture of types of evidence, including interviews with agency commissioners, industry leaders, organized labor officials, and the lawyers who usually guide the AD petition and complaint process; examination of AD agency records and statistics; and measures of institutional factors including executive power, agency autonomy, and business strength. Using these types of information, the study examines the variables that influence trade protection policy on the basis of a comparative analysis of national-level AD agencies across developing nations, and in-depth analyses of national and sub-national factors-particularly characteristics of industries and sectors.The research is designed to contribute to the literature on the political economy of trade policy in developing nations by examining the trade protection policy process through the complex interactions of state and societal actors. Moreover, the study enriches the endogenous protection theoretical framework, which focuses on domestic interest groups' demands for protection and governments' responses, by employing an integrated theoretical approach that links interest group pressures to the institutions that potentially modify the policy process.

这个博士论文研究支持项目超越了现有的经济改革，特别是贸易政策的政治文献，重点是最近在发展中国家积极使用反倾销（AD）政策。 有证据表明，各国政府一直在宏观经济政策层面上“改革”贸易，削减关税，同时采取“后门”机制，在不太明显的监管政策层面上扭转贸易自由化。 然而，没有足够的解释，在国家的变化突然使用这些政策，也没有决定提供保护的明确identified.The研究结合了深入的定性和定量比较AD政策在三个主要的发展中国家-阿根廷，墨西哥和南非-与一个大的n，对整个发展中世界贸易保护的政治和经济决定因素进行跨国统计分析。 专注于变化的决定，建立一个国家的AD机构和机构随后的一般倾向，以保护，研究揭示了利益集团的压力和体制环境塑造政策的通过和实施的方式。 特别是，这项研究充实了行政和AD机构的特点如何与其他变量相互作用，影响政策过程。 这项研究借鉴了各种类型的证据，包括与机构专员，行业领袖，有组织的劳工官员和律师谁通常指导广告请愿和投诉过程的采访;检查广告机构的记录和统计数据;和措施的制度因素，包括行政权力，机构自主权，和业务实力。 利用这些类型的信息，研究报告在对发展中国家国家一级反倾销机构进行比较分析的基础上，审查了影响贸易保护政策的变量，以及对国家和地方因素的深入分析-特别是产业和部门的特点。研究的目的是通过审查贸易，为发展中国家贸易政策的政治经济学文献做出贡献。通过国家和社会行为者之间复杂的互动，促进保护政策进程。 此外，本研究通过采用将利益集团压力与可能修改政策过程的制度联系起来的综合理论方法，丰富了内生保护理论框架，该框架侧重于国内利益集团的保护要求和政府的反应。