The Role of Ecosystem Dynamics on the Global Ocean Carbon Cycle: A JGOFS Model-Data Synthesis

生态系统动力学对全球海洋碳循环的作用：JGOFS 模型-数据综合

• 批准号: 0222033
• 负责人: Scott Doney
• 金额: $ 43万
• 依托单位: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-07-01 至 2006-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0222033&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Role; Ecosystem; Dynamics; Global; Ocean

This project seeks to better quantify the role of marine ecosystem dynamics on the global ocean carbon cycle, focusing in particular on air-sea CO2 exchange, net community production, and vertical export. The research is motivated by two related hypotheses: multi-nutrient limitation (N, P, Si, Fe) modulates phytoplankton biomass and primary production, community structure, and biogenic carbon export, community structure governs the elemental composition of the exported dissolved and particulate material, major determinants of subsurface biogeochemical transport, remineralization, and sequestration. In this project a carefully designed set of numerical experiments will be run using a global 3-D coupled ecological-biogeochemical-physical model. The project directly builds upon recent progress and specific findings/questions from a global mixed layer ecosystem model that includes explicit iron limitation and community structure, a full depth 3-D ocean carbon cycle model, and historical hind-cast simulations (1958-1997) of ocean physical circulation Specifically, the goals of the activity are to: o Complete development of a next generation, global 3-D ecological-biogeochemical-physical model that includes multi-nutrient limitation and explicit geochemical functional groups (picoplankton, diatoms, Trichodesmium, and coccolithophores).o Evaluate and iteratively improve on the simulated upper ocean ecosystem dynamics against regional JGOFS data sets, large-scale surface pCO2 and nutrient fields, and satellite ocean color data using retrospective, historical simulations for the period 1988-2000.o Assess the skill of the resulting model in replicating the full depth, equilibrium distributions of carbon, oxygen and nutrients against the WOCE/JGOFS global survey data.o Test the ecological and biogeochemical impact of dust deposition, calcification, nitrogen fixation, and silica production by selective modifications to the base coupled solution.The study directly addresses the overall goal of the U.S. JGOFS Synthesis and Modeling Project (SMP), to synthesize present knowledge into global numerical models that can be used for prediction, as well as two of the major research trajectories highlighted in the SMP program announcement: "global and regional studies that link together the biological, physical, and chemical components of the marine carbon cycle" and "synthesis and modeling efforts that effectively combine field data sets and diagnostic and prognostic (forward) models".

该项目力求更好地量化海洋生态系统动态对全球海洋碳循环的作用，特别侧重于大气-海洋二氧化碳交换、群落净生产和垂直出口。这项研究是由两个相关的假设推动的：多种营养限制(N、P、Si、Fe)调节浮游植物的生物量和初级生产力、群落结构和生物源碳输出，群落结构控制着输出的溶解和颗粒物的元素组成，是地下生物地球化学传输、再矿化和封存的主要决定因素。在这个项目中，一系列精心设计的数值实验将使用全球3-D生态-生物-地球化学-物理耦合模型进行。该项目直接建立在全球混合层生态系统模型的最新进展和具体发现/问题的基础上，该模型包括明确的铁限制和群落结构，全深度3-D海洋碳循环模型，以及海洋物理循环的历史后预测模拟(1958-1997)。具体地，该活动的目标是：o完成新一代全球3-D生态-生物-地球化学-物理模型的发展，该模型包括多种营养限制和明确的地球化学功能群(微浮游动物、硅藻、毛藻和球藻)。根据区域JGOFS数据集、大尺度表层二氧化碳和营养场，评估和反复改进模拟的上层生态系统动态和卫星海洋颜色数据，使用1988-2000年期间的回顾、历史模拟。以WOCE/JGOFS全球调查数据为对照，评估所产生的模型在复制碳、氧和营养的全深度、平衡分布方面的技能。通过选择性地修改基础耦合溶液来测试粉尘沉积、钙化、固氮和二氧化硅产生的生态和生物地球化学影响。研究直接涉及美国JGOFS合成和建模项目(SMP)的总体目标，将现有知识综合到可用于预测的全球数值模式中，以及SMP计划公告中强调的两个主要研究轨迹：“将海洋碳循环的生物、物理和化学成分联系在一起的全球和区域研究”和“有效结合现场数据集与诊断和预测(前向)模型的综合和建模工作”。