Ocean Carbon Biogeochemistry Project Office

海洋碳生物地球化学项目办公室

• 批准号: 0622984
• 负责人: Scott Doney
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-15 至 2010-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0622984&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Ocean; Carbon; Biogeochemistry; Project; Office

OCE-0622984The ocean plays a major role in shaping the Earth's climate, regulating on timescales of decades to millennia the atmospheric levels of key atmospheric trace gases such as carbon dioxide. Despite recent progress, many key questions remain regarding the magnitude and evolution of ocean carbon uptake and the biogeochemical responses and feedbacks to future changes in ocean temperature, acidity, circulation, nutrient and mineral inputs, UV radiation, ecological shifts and other climatic and human-induced changes. The U.S. and international oceanographic research communities are developing coherent research strategies for addressing many of these key unknowns through programs such as OCCC, SOLAS, IMBER and ORION. In January 2006, an Ocean Carbon and Biogeochemistry (OCB) Science Steering Committee (SSC) was created by NSF, NASA and NOAA to coordinate and help lead this effort with the U.S. With funding from this award, an OCB Project Office will be established at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) to facilitate activities initiated, organized and coordinated by the OCB Scientific Steering Committee. Broadly speaking, these roles fall in to four categories: 1) direct logistical support to the SSC for its meetings, production of reports and other SSC activities; 2) facilitate and promote communication of these SSC activities to the national and international scientific community and broader audiences, and serve as a clearing house for information related to US and international ocean carbon cycle science programs; 3) organize community workshops, symposia, and, 4) education and outreach activities, including promotion of ocean carbon science to broader audiences, policy makers, and underrepresented students. This effort will build on the extensive prior experience of the team assembled at WHOI in helping manage and facilitate oceanographic research programs. It also leverages resources to be provided from WHOI to support meetings and workshops, the Project Office, and its personnel. This activity is expected to have a number of broader impacts. Improved understanding of ocean biogeochemistry and the interaction with climate are critically needed by society given the potential impacts of climate change and the major role of the ocean in modulating atmospheric composition. By enabling OCB SSC activities, the OCB Project Office will provide a central contact point for PIs and national and international scientists and facilitate education and outreach activities at a professional level, thus encouraging the next generation of ocean biogeochemists and raising public awareness of the need and value of this type of research. Specific education and outreach activities to be undertaken include: an annual week-long science program to introduce underrepresented minority students from the MSPHDS program to ocean biogeochemistry; in collaboration with COSEE-NE, targeted workshops focused on helping ocean scientists tell the story of their research and its importance to policy makers; production of web-based materials (general science stories; Powerpoint slide and image libraries) applicable to K-12 education and the general public describing current state of knowledge and uncertainties surrounding ocean biogeochemistry and global climate issues.

海洋在塑造地球气候方面发挥着重要作用，在几十年到几千年的时间尺度上调节着大气中关键微量气体（如二氧化碳）的水平。尽管最近取得了进展，但关于海洋碳吸收的规模和演变以及生物地球化学对未来海洋温度、酸度、环流、养分和矿物输入、紫外线辐射、生态变化和其他气候和人为变化的响应和反馈，仍存在许多关键问题。美国和国际海洋学研究团体正在制定连贯的研究战略，通过OCCC、SOLAS、IMBER和ORION等项目来解决这些关键的未知问题。2006年1月，美国国家科学基金会、美国国家航空航天局和美国国家海洋和大气管理局共同成立了海洋碳和生物地球化学科学指导委员会（OCB），以协调和帮助领导与美国的这一努力。利用该奖项的资金，将在伍兹霍尔海洋研究所（WHOI）建立一个海洋碳和生物地球化学项目办公室，以促进由海洋碳和生物地球化学科学指导委员会发起、组织和协调的活动。从广义上讲，这些角色分为四类：1)为南南合作委员会的会议、报告的编写和其他南南合作活动提供直接后勤支持；2)促进和促进这些南南合作活动与国内和国际科学界和更广泛的受众的交流，并作为美国和国际海洋碳循环科学项目相关信息的交流中心；3)组织社区研讨会、专题讨论会；4)教育和推广活动，包括向更广泛的受众、政策制定者和代表性不足的学生推广海洋碳科学。这一努力将以WHOI组建的团队在帮助管理和促进海洋学研究计划方面的丰富经验为基础。它还利用世卫组织提供的资源来支持会议和讲习班、项目办公室及其人员。预计这一活动将产生若干更广泛的影响。鉴于气候变化的潜在影响和海洋在调节大气成分方面的主要作用，社会迫切需要提高对海洋生物地球化学及其与气候相互作用的认识。通过开展海洋生物地球化学研究局的南南合作活动，海洋生物地球化学研究局项目办公室将为海洋生物地球化学研究所、国家和国际科学家提供一个中心联络点，并促进专业层面的教育和推广活动，从而鼓励下一代海洋生物地球化学家，提高公众对这类研究的必要性和价值的认识。具体的教育和推广活动包括：每年开展为期一周的科学计划，向来自MSPHDS计划的代表性不足的少数民族学生介绍海洋生物地球化学；与COSEE-NE合作，有针对性的讲习班侧重于帮助海洋科学家讲述他们的研究故事及其对决策者的重要性；制作基于网络的材料（一般科学故事；Powerpoint幻灯片和图片库），适用于K-12教育和一般公众，描述海洋生物地球化学和全球气候问题的当前知识状况和不确定性。