Collaborative Research: Global Ocean Repeat Hydrography, Carbon, and Tracer Measurements

合作研究：全球海洋重复水文学、碳和示踪剂测量

• 批准号: 0223869
• 负责人: James Swift
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego Scripps Inst of Oceanography
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-01-01 至 2010-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0223869&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Global; Ocean; Repeat

A systematic and global re-occupation of select hydrographic sections will be conducted with the objective of quantifying changes in storage and transport of heat, fresh water, carbon dioxide (CO2) and related parameters. The program is in support of the CLImate VARiability and predictability (CLIVAR) and Carbon Science Programs, and is a component of a global observing system for the physical climate and carbon system. By integrating the scientific needs of the carbon and hydrography/tracer communities, major synergies and cost savings will be achieved. In addition to efficiency, a coordinated approach will produce scientific advances that exceed those of having individual programs. These advances will contribute to the following overlapping scientific objectives: Data for Model Calibration, Validation and Model Based Synthesis; Carbon System Studies; Heat and Freshwater Storage and Flux Studies; Deep and Shallow Water Mass and Ventilation Studies; and Calibration of Autonomous Sensors. A joint study of the ocean carbon cycle and circulation will help identify critical areas where potential changes in ocean circulation could have serious consequences for future anthropogenic uptake. Global warming-induced changes in the ocean's transport of heat and freshwater, which could affect the circulation, can be followed through long-term measurements. The sections proposed consist of approximately two meridional and two zonal lines in each ocean, for a total of 10 sections over 6 field years. The core measurements include hydrography (CTD, salinity, oxygen, nutrients, L/ADCP, Underway T, S, pCO2, bathymetry, navigation), carbon system (DIC, pCO2. TAlk, pH, DOC, DON), and transient tracers (CFCs, tritium/3He). In addition to the collection of the data, quality control measures will be routinely carried out by providers of reference-quality data. Post-cruise data updates, distribution, and archive will be managed by groups with separate funding. The field work will be integrated with a larger international effort to monitor the ocean's response to climate change.Broader Impacts: The results will be disseminated broadly to enhance scientific and technological understanding. The program is based on the fundamental concept that data collected belong to the community, and are available to the community at large rather than being proprietary for the investigators involved in the project. The data policy proposed will be stringent and geared towards rapid and open dissemination, and with a clear structure for all data to undergo thorough quality control. Such an ambitious goal requiring this degree of openness has not been tried on a large scale before. The program benefits to society include the collection of a high quality data set, and use of the data to assess climate change. The global program will provide full water column data of climatically significant parameters with decadal coverage. These data will be used to assess climate change by quantifying the uptake and storage of anthropogenic CO2 by the ocean, and contributing to an understanding and models of the processes that control the uptake and transport of CO2 into the ocean's interior. Since these are likely to be the only systematic observations below 2000 m, they will be used to document long term trends in ocean warming, and heat and freshwater fluxes. The data will be a resource for model calibration of the climate system. The proposed program will promote training and learning. It will serve as a community resource for training and entraining graduate students, postdoctoral scientists, and new scientists. Funds are budgeted in the lead proposal for graduate students, post-docs, and young, non-seagoing scientists to participate in each cruise.

将进行精选水文切片的系统和全球重新分配，目的是量化热量，淡水，二氧化碳（CO2）和相关参数的储存和运输的变化。该计划支持气候变异性和可预测性（Clivar）和碳科学计划，并且是全球观察系统的物理气候和碳系统的组成部分。通过整合碳和水文/示踪剂社区的科学需求，将实现主要的协同作用和成本节省。除了效率外，协调的方法还将产生超出个人计划的科学进步。这些进步将有助于以下重叠的科学目标：模型校准，验证和基于模型的合成数据；碳系统研究；热量和淡水储存和通量研究；深水质量和通风研究；和自主传感器的校准。对海洋碳周期和循环的联合研究将有助于确定海洋循环中潜在变化可能对未来人为吸收的严重后果的关键领域。可以通过长期测量进行全球变暖引起的海洋热和淡水的变化，这可能会影响循环。所提出的各节在每个海洋中大约有两个子午线和两个区域线组成，在6个田间年内总共有10个部分。核心测量包括水文（CTD，盐度，氧气，营养素，L/ADCP，下部T，S，S，PCO2，测深，导航），碳系统（DIC，PCO2。谈话，pH，ph，doc，doc，don）和瞬态轨迹（CFCS，tritium/3he）。除了收集数据外，质量控制措施将由参考质量数据的提供商通常进行。灌溉后的数据更新，发行和档案将由拥有单独资金的小组管理。现场工作将与更大的国际努力相结合，以监测海洋对气候变化的反应。BRODER的影响：结果将广泛传播，以增强科学和技术理解。该计划基于基本概念，即收集到的数据属于社区，并且可供整个社区使用，而不是对参与该项目的调查人员的专有。提出的数据政策将非常严格，并旨在快速和开放的传播，并具有清晰的结构，以进行所有数据，以进行彻底的质量控制。以前，这种雄心勃勃的目标尚未大规模尝试。该计划对社会的好处包括收集高质量的数据集，以及使用数据来评估气候变化。全球计划将提供具有十年覆盖的气候重要参数的完整水柱数据。这些数据将通过量化海洋对人为CO2的摄取和存储来评估气候变化，并有助于控制CO2进入海洋内部的摄取和运输的过程的理解和模型。由于这些可能是低于2000 m以下的唯一系统观察结果，因此它们将用于记录海洋变暖的长期趋势，以及热量和淡水通量。数据将是用于气候系统模型校准的资源。拟议的计划将促进培训和学习。它将作为培训和招募研究生，博士后科学家和新科学家的社区资源。资金是在研究生，博士后和年轻，非求助科学家参加每次巡游的领先建议中预算的。