YIA-PGR: Genetic, Molecular and Developmental Analysis of Variation in Tomato Fruit Morphology

YIA-PGR：番茄果实形态变异的遗传、分子和发育分析

• 批准号: 0227541
• 负责人: Esther Van der Knaap
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Ohio State University Research Foundation -DO NOT USE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-01-01 至 2009-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0227541&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: YIA; PGR; Genetic; Molecular; Developmental

Breeding and mutation analysis in tomato have resulted in a diverse germplasm collection, providing a rich resource for studies on fruit morphology. Often, fruit morphological changes occur during growth and maturation of the ovary prior to pollination and/or during maturation of the fruit after pollination and successful fertilization. Therefore, tomato varieties displaying altered fruit shape may provide unique insights into developmental processes controlling ovary and fruit growth and maturation. Understanding the molecular-genetic basis of diversity in fruit form will allow insights into evolutionary processes in tomato as well as other fruit-bearing crops, and modification of developmental processes regulating ovary and fruit formation. The first goal is to identify and fine-map novel genetic loci to obtain a global view of key loci and developmental pathways controlling variation in tomato fruit shape. Populations derived from crosses between cultivated tomato exhibiting extreme fruit shapes and a round-fruited wild relative will be phenotypically and genotypically analyzed to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling fruit shape. These loci will be introgressed into a homogenous background to permit future genomic analyses and map-based cloning of genes underlying fruit morphology QTL. The second goal is to identify changes in gene expression profiles during tomato ovary and fruit growth, and to correlate these to developmental changes in morphology. Results from the analyses will provide insights into molecular events regulating ovary and fruit development. In addition, genes will be identified whose transcript levels change as a consequence of allelic substitution at fruit shape loci resulting in changes in fruit morphology. This information will allow insights into networks of genes and biochemical processes potentially downstream from fruit shape loci, and how fruit morphology is regulated. The third goal is to integrate fruit shape characteristics with gene expression and genotype information becoming available during the course of the project, and to develop a searchable database containing this information. In addition, a software package will be developed to semi-automatically analyze variation in fruit shape in tomato varieties and in mapping populations.

番茄的育种和突变分析已经形成了丰富的种质资源，为果实形态学研究提供了丰富的资源。通常，果实形态变化发生在授粉前子房的生长和成熟期间和/或授粉和成功受精后果实的成熟期间。因此，番茄品种显示改变果实形状可能提供独特的见解控制卵巢和果实生长和成熟的发育过程。了解水果形态多样性的分子遗传基础将使我们能够深入了解番茄和其他水果作物的进化过程，以及调节卵巢和水果形成的发育过程的修改。第一个目标是识别和精细定位新的遗传位点，以获得控制番茄果实形状变化的关键位点和发育途径的全局视图。将从表现出极端果实形状的栽培番茄和圆形果实野生亲缘植物之间的杂交衍生的群体进行表型和基因型分析，以鉴定控制果实形状的数量性状基因座（QTL）。这些基因座将渗入到一个同质的背景，以允许未来的基因组分析和基于图位克隆的基因的果实形态QTL。第二个目标是确定番茄子房和果实生长过程中基因表达谱的变化，并将其与形态学的发育变化相关联。分析结果将提供深入了解调控卵巢和果实发育的分子事件。此外，将鉴定其转录水平由于果形基因座处的等位基因取代而改变的基因，所述等位基因取代导致果实形态的改变。这些信息将允许洞察网络的基因和生化过程可能下游的水果形状位点，以及水果形态是如何调节。第三个目标是整合果形特征与基因表达和基因型信息成为在项目过程中可用，并开发一个可搜索的数据库包含这些信息。此外，还将开发一个软件包来半自动分析番茄品种和绘图群体中果实形状的变异。