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Research-PGR Robust organ patterning by OFPs, TRMs and SUNs in plant morphogenesis

研究-PGR 通过 OFP、TRM 和 SUN 在植物形态发生中形成稳健的器官模式

基本信息

批准号：
2048425
负责人：
Esther Van der Knaap
金额：
$ 150万
依托单位：
University of Georgia Research Foundation Inc
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-04-01 至 2025-09-30
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2048425&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Research PGR Robust organ patterning

项目摘要

Fruits and vegetables feature shapes that highlight the culinary use of the product. For example, globe tomatoes are large and round, and are often used for slicing on sandwiches and burgers. Salad tomatoes tend to be small and oval shaped and eaten as snacks. Carrots and beets come in a wide variety of shapes and sizes, some of which are used for canning and juicing, some for the consumer market, and others for the food service market. The proper produce shape and size is also critical for growers and producers in order to efficiently harvest and process the products into soups and sauces. In many cases, the shape of the product determines its market class and is therefore closely connected to the price farmers obtain for the product. The continued improvement of crops for better yield and higher quality relies extensively on recreating the same shape of the produce. Off types and varieties that produce shapes that are not commensurate with the market class will not likely yield a commercially successful product, no matter how high it yields. Understanding the molecular aspects of shape and the application of this knowledge to other crops, will enable breeders to select for the desired morphology early in the breeding cycle. This knowledge would save time and efforts in other crops and thus would benefit societies across the world. Moreover, phone apps will be developed in collaboration with undergraduate computer science students to enable growers and breeders to evaluate produce quickly and accurately.The recently discovered OFP-TRM-SUN regulon has emerged as an important paradigm in the variation in shape of produce ranging from fruits to grains. Proteins from these families are associated with microtubules that are thought to affect cell division leading to altered organ shapes. Still, much remains to be learned about this regulon and whether it extends to root crops. OFP, TRM, and SUN are members of multigene families, yet the role of most members in organ morphology is not well understood. To address these questions, the project plans to map modifiers of tomato sun and ovate in tomato; extend the regulon to carrot and table beet, and investigate the role of SUN in watermelon; discover the function of other members of the OFP, TRM, SUN family; and testing cell growth and geometry parameters by OFP-TRM-SUN. Combined, this information would lead to detailed mechanistic and fundamental insights into the regulation of organogenesis in plants and this knowledge will provide ample opportunities for crop improvement.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

水果和蔬菜的形状突出了产品的烹饪用途。例如，球形西红柿又大又圆，经常被用来切三明治和汉堡。沙拉西红柿往往是小而椭圆形的，可以作为零食食用。胡萝卜和甜菜有各种各样的形状和大小，其中一些用于罐头和榨汁，一些用于消费市场，另一些用于食品服务市场。适当的产品形状和大小对于种植者和生产者来说也是至关重要的，以便有效地收获产品并将其加工成汤和酱汁。在许多情况下，产品的形状决定了它的市场类别，因此与农民获得的产品价格密切相关。为了获得更好的产量和更高的质量，作物的持续改良在很大程度上依赖于重现相同形状的农产品。生产出与市场类别不相称的形状的产品类型和品种不太可能产生商业上成功的产品，无论它的收益率有多高。了解形状的分子方面并将这一知识应用于其他作物，将使育种者能够在育种周期的早期选择所需的形态。这种知识将在其他作物上节省时间和精力，从而使世界各地的社会受益。此外，还将与计算机科学本科生合作开发手机应用程序，使种植者和育种者能够快速准确地评估农产品。最近发现的OFP-TRM-SUN规则已成为从水果到谷物等各种农产品形状变化的重要范例。这些家族的蛋白质与微管有关，微管被认为影响细胞分裂，导致器官形状改变。尽管如此，关于这一规则以及它是否会延伸到根茎作物，仍有很多需要了解。OFP、TRM和SUN是多基因家族的成员，但大多数成员在器官形态中的作用尚不清楚。为了解决这些问题，该项目计划定位番茄SUN和卵形的修饰基因；将该调控基因扩展到胡萝卜和甜菜，并研究SUN在西瓜中的作用；发现OFP、TRM、SUN家族的其他成员的功能；并使用OFP-TRM-SUN测试细胞生长和几何参数。综合起来，这些信息将导致对植物器官发生调控的详细机制和基本见解，这些知识将为作物改良提供充足的机会。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。