SGER: Monitoring Anacapa Island Deer Mice: Population Bottleneck, Release, and Reestablishment

SGER：监测阿纳卡帕岛鹿鼠：种群瓶颈、释放和重建

• 批准号: 0228105
• 负责人: Mary Ashley
• 金额: $ 5.17万
• 依托单位: University of Illinois at Chicago
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-08-01 至 2004-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0228105&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SGER; Monitoring; Anacapa; Island; Deer

This project will take advantage of a unique opportunity to monitor the progress of a controlled population bottleneck and its aftermath during a capture, release, and recovery program for a threatened mammal, the Anacapa Island deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus anacapae). This deer mouse is an endemic subspecies that occurs only on the three small islets that comprise Anacapa, one of the California Channel Islands. The Channel Islands National Park is currently conducting a program to eradicate the introduced rat, Rattus rattus. Rat eradication is conducted by large-scale poisoning with a potent rodent poison; deer mice as well as rats will be extirpated. Previously Dr. Ashley had conducted a conservation and management study using a combination of approaches that included molecular genetics, morphological measurements and population viability analysis (PVA). As a result, recommendations were made to the Park Service to capture a minimum of 333 mice from each of the islets, hold them in captivity, and use then as stock for reintroduction. According to research, this scenario would produce a population with high probability of persistence that maintained genetic variation, and yet represented a feasible undertaking. This plan is currently being implemented. Here Dr. Ashley proposes to take advantage of this unique opportunity to monitor the recovery of these populations. She will sample and genotype every mouse reintroduced, census the population regularly, and resample biannually. The impact of this research extends well beyond the management of an island endemic. The project will test the outcome of a PVA, compare predictions of population genetic theory to the real world, and will evaluate a captive breeding and reintroduction program. Most species management projects involve one or more of these practices, but outcomes are rarely evaluated or field-tested. By monitoring the numbers, distributions, and genetic variation in deer mice as they are reintroduced and during their recovery, the results of this study will provide important new information that can be directly applied to management and conservation of other endangered vertebrate species.

该项目将利用一个独特的机会来监视受控人口瓶颈的进度及其在被威胁的哺乳动物Anacapa Island Deer Mouse（Peromyscus maniculatus anacapae）的捕获，释放和恢复计划中的进度。该鹿小鼠是一种流行的亚种，仅发生在构成加利福尼亚通道群岛之一的Anacapa的三个小型小岛上。海峡群岛国家公园目前正在开展一项计划，以消除引入的老鼠拉图斯·拉图斯（Rattus Rattus）。消除大鼠是通过有效的啮齿动物中毒进行大规模中毒进行的；鹿小鼠和大鼠将被消除。此前，Ashley博士使用包括分子遗传学，形态测量和人口生存能力分析（PVA）的方法进行了保护和管理研究。结果，向公园服务部提出了建议，以从每个胰岛捕获至少333只小鼠，将其囚禁，然后用作重新引入的库存。根据研究，这种情况将产生具有很高持久性的人群，以保持遗传变异，但代表了一项可行的事业。该计划目前正在实施。 Ashley博士在这里提议利用这一独特的机会来监视这些人群的恢复。她将定期对每只重新引入的小鼠进行采样和基因型，并经常被人口汇总，并每两年重新取样。 这项研究的影响远远超出了岛屿流行的管理。该项目将测试PVA的结果，将人群遗传理论的预测与现实世界进行比较，并评估圈养的繁殖和重新引入计划。大多数物种管理项目都涉及其中一种或多种实践，但是很少对结果进行评估或现场测试。通过监测鹿小鼠重新引入的鹿小鼠的数量，分布和遗传变异，本研究的结果将提供重要的新信息，可直接应用于其他濒危脊椎动物物种的管理和保护。