Changes in Freeze-Thaw and Permafrost Dynamics and Their Hydrological Implication over the Russian Arctic Drainage Basin

拟议的研究将评估土壤热，冻融和永久冻土动态对气候变化的反应，并将评估这些过程对俄罗斯北极流域水文循环在过去的半个世纪的影响。 研究方法将包括分析和综合从分布在前苏联各地的400个地点获得的数据（在许多情况下，是抢救出来的）。 一个关键的问题正在解决的重点是解释大观测地理不规则的长期表面温度变化。 这项研究的结构是调查一个关键的假设，涉及气候变暖，更高的永久冻土温度，更深的活动层，和更长的解冻季节。 结果之一将是气候变暖通过土壤和永久冻土的相互作用对流入北冰洋的河流淡水的季节性循环产生影响。 该项目还将产生一系列与土壤温度和冻融循环有关的数据产品。

The proposed research will assess the response of soil thermal, freeze-thaw and permafrost dynamics to climate change, and will evaluate the impacts of these processes on the hydrologic cycle of the Russian arctic drainage basin over the past half century. Research methods will include analysis and synthesis of data acquired (in many cases, rescued) from 400 locations distributed throughout the former Soviet Union. A key question being addressed focusses on explaining the large observed geographical irregularity in long-term surface temperature change. The research is structured to investigate a key hypothesis that relates climate warming, higher permafrost temperature, a deeper active layer, and a longer thaw season. One result will be the impact of climate warming, through the soil and permafrost interactions, on the seasonal cycles of riverine fresh water input to the Arctic Ocean. The project will also yield a series of data products relevant to soil temperature and freeze-thaw cycles.