Theoretical and Numerical Investigations of the Earth's Midlatitude Tropopause

地球中纬度对流层顶的理论和数值研究

• 批准号: 0230903
• 负责人: Noboru Nakamura
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Chicago
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-03-01 至 2008-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0230903&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Theoretical; Numerical; Investigations; Earth; Midlatitude

The project will investigate the dynamical mechanisms maintaining tropopause height and its permeability in the extratropical latitudes. Understanding the formation, maintenance, and kinematics of the midlatitude tropopause remains a core, challenging problem in dynamic meteorology. Recent interest in its dynamic permeability stems from its considerable impact on transport of chemical constituents, including ozone and water vapor, between the troposphere and stratosphere. Dr. Nakamura (U of Chicago) will investigate the problem both theoretically and numerically. Numerical calculations with quasi-geostrophic and general circulation models will expand the theoretical analysis of the advection-diffusion equation to more realistic scenarios, including one involving penetration of the tropopause by the eddy potential vorticity fluxes. The project will advance theoretical understanding of the dynamical interaction of the troposphere and stratosphere, and should provide separate estimates of the stratosphere-to-troposphere, and troposphere-to-stratosphere mass transfers, which will improve modeling and prediction of cross-tropopause transports of trace gases and substances.

该项目将研究维持对流层顶高度及其在热带以外纬度的渗透性的动力机制。了解中纬度对流层顶的形成、维持和运动学仍然是动力气象学中一个核心的、具有挑战性的问题。最近对其动态渗透性的兴趣源于其对对流层和平流层之间的化学成分，包括臭氧和水蒸气的传输的相当大的影响。中村博士（芝加哥大学）将从理论和数值上研究这个问题。准地转和大气环流模式的数值计算将把对流扩散方程的理论分析扩展到更现实的情景，包括涡动位涡通量穿透对流层顶的情景。该项目将促进对对流层和平流层动态相互作用的理论理解，并应提供平流层到对流层和对流层到平流层质量转移的单独估计，这将改进对痕量气体和物质跨对流层顶传输的建模和预测。