US-France Cooperative Research: Comparative Sources of Self-Potential on Active Volcanoes

约翰斯顿这项为期三年的美法合作研究奖授予马尔科姆·J·约翰斯顿和加利福尼亚州门洛帕克美国地质调查局的学生以及法国克莱蒙费朗地球物理观测站的雅克·兹洛特尼基。其目的是将活火山自然电位(SP)产生的理论、实验室和现场测量结果结合起来，特别是研究火山周围的电信号和磁信号的来源。调查人员将研究现有的温度、流体和气体生成过程的数据。联合比较的重点将是造成SP的进程的分离及其对监测火山活动的影响。调查人员将在著名的火山区--留尼汪岛的富尔奈斯火山、加勒比海的苏弗里埃尔火山、夏威夷的基拉韦厄火山、美国的长谷火山口和日本的三宅岛--收集的实验室和现场数据中寻找异常情况。这位美国调查人员为该项目带来了流体汽化和电荷传输方面的专业知识。这一点得到了法国在电动效应方面的专业知识的补充。该项目有可能理解来自火山的信号，并可能带来更好的预测方法。该奖项代表了美方向NSF和法国国家科学研究中心(CNRS)提出的联合建议。NSF将支付这名美国调查员和研究生的旅费和生活费。CNRS将支持法国研究人员访问美国。

0233517JohnstonThis three-year award for US-France cooperative research involves Malcolm J. Johnston and students at the US Geological Survey in Menlo Park, California and Jacques Zlotnicki of the Observatory of Earth Physics in Clermont-Ferrand, France. The objective is to bring together theoretical, laboratory and field measurements of self-potential (SP) generation on active volcanoes, and in particular, to study sources of electric and magnetic signals around volcanoes. The investigators will study existing data for temperature, fluids and gas generation processes. Joint comparisons will focus on separation of processes that contribute to SP and the implications for monitoring volcano activities. The investigators will look for anomalies in laboratory and field data collected in well-known volcanic regions - Piton de la Fournaise (Reunion Island), Soufriere (Caribbean), Kilauea (Hawaii), Long Valley Caldera (US) and Miyake-jima (Japan). The US investigator brings to the project expertise on fluid vaporization and charge transport. This is complemented by French expertise in electrokinetic effects. The project has potential to understand signals from volcanoes and could lead to better prediction methods. This award represents the US side of a joint proposal to NSF and the French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS). NSF will cover travel funds and living expenses for the US investigator and graduate student. The CNRS will support the visits of French researchers to the United States.