Comparative Microphysical Characteristics of Numerically Simulated Warm-Season Thunderstorms in Diverse Climatic Regimes

不同气候条件下暖季雷暴数值模拟的微物理特征比较

• 批准号: 0234744
• 负责人: Pao-Kuan Wang
• 金额: $ 21.49万
• 依托单位: University of Wisconsin-Madison
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-02-15 至 2005-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0234744&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Comparative; Microphysical; Characteristics; Numerically; Simulated

The Principal Investigator will use an existing three-dimensional, time-dependent quasi-compressible research cloud model to study the bulk microphysical structure of warm?season deep convective storms for diverse geographical environments from tropical to mid?latitude. This project will investigate the effects of the geographical environment on the following volume-integrated properties relating to the storm-scale water cycle: the total condensate mass, the production and depletion of the precipitation within this condensate pool, and especially the partitioning of the mass by hydrometeor types and of the microphysical transfer rates by the individual processes contributing to them. A recently completed project by the Principal Investigator has laid a foundation for the work by simulating and analyzing thunderstorms in the semi-arid High Plains of North America and the humid subtropics. The Principal Investigators will extend their approach to substantially more regions in recognition that: (a) several contrasting North American thunderstorm climatologies have been documented for regions other than those two, (b) several other regions of the world from the Tropics through mid?latitudes are subject to especially frequent or intense convective storms, and (c) in low latitudes, deep convection has repeatedly been observed to be systematically weaker at sea than over land, with significantly different microphysical makeup. The researchers will investigate up to approximately ten locations, subject to availability of data suitably representative of pre-storm environmental conditions for the control experiments. Thunderstorm environments under consideration include the summer monsoon of North America's subtropical desert southwest, tropical and subtropical Asia and Western Europe. Comparison of model results among the control experiments for different regions will emphasize the volume-integrated bulk microphysical properties noted above, and especially the time-averaged percentage breakdowns of their partitioning during the mature phase of a storm. The research, if successful, will be significant to the advancement of knowledge in mesoscale atmospheric dynamics and will increase fundamental understanding of the nature of convective activity under various climatic regimes.

首席研究员将使用现有的三维，随时间变化的准可压缩研究云模型，研究批量微物理结构的温暖？季节深对流风暴的不同地理环境，从热带到中东？纬度 该项目将调查地理环境对以下与暴雨尺度水循环有关的体积综合特性的影响：总冷凝物质量、该冷凝物池内降水的产生和消耗，特别是按水凝物类型划分的质量和按促成这些质量和消耗的各个过程划分的微物理转移速率。 首席研究员最近完成的一个项目通过模拟和分析北美半干旱高平原和潮湿亚热带地区的雷暴，为这项工作奠定了基础。 主要研究者将把他们的方法扩展到更多的地区，认识到：（a）几个对比鲜明的北美雷暴气候已经记录了这两个地区以外的地区，（B）世界上其他几个地区从热带到中部？在低纬度地区，（c）在低纬度地区，多次观察到海洋深层对流系统性地比陆地上弱，微物理构成有很大不同。研究人员将调查多达大约10个地点，前提是能够提供适当代表风暴前环境条件的数据，以进行对照实验。正在考虑的雷暴环境包括北美亚热带沙漠西南部、热带和亚热带亚洲以及西欧的夏季季风。 对不同区域的控制试验的模式结果进行比较，将强调上述体积积分的整体微物理特性，特别是风暴成熟阶段期间其分区的时间平均百分比分解。 这项研究如果成功，将对中尺度大气动力学知识的进步具有重要意义，并将增加对各种气候条件下对流活动性质的基本了解。