Microbial Diversity of Yellowstone Hydrocarbon Seeps

黄石碳氢化合物渗漏的微生物多样性

• 批准号: 0234921
• 负责人: Gregory Colores
• 金额: $ 1.8万
• 依托单位: Central Michigan University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-09-15 至 2005-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0234921&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Microbial; Diversity; Yellowstone; Hydrocarbon; Seeps

Project SummaryThe goal of this Minority Research Planning Grant is to use non-cultivation based methods tocharacterize the microbial populations associated with natural hydrocarbon seeps in YellowstoneNational Park. In addition to its well-known hot springs, Yellowstone has a few documentedareas that contain hydrocarbon seeps. These seeps are typically associated with thermal vents andthe best characterized ones occur in terrestrial areas. The proposed research will focus on soilsamples to be taken from the Calcite Springs area, where several hydrocarbon seeps exist. Thespecific objectives of this planning grant are:1. Evaluate soil microbial diversity in Calcite Springs soil containing naturally occurringhydrocarbons.2. Examine functional gene diversity and evolutionary relatedness to characterized genesencoding hydrocarbon-degrading enzymes (PAH dioxygenases).3. Characterize the abundance and types of hydrocarbons present in Calcite Springs soiladjacent to hydrocarbon seeps.Clone libraries of 16S rRNA genes and PAH dioxygenase gene fragments will be constructedand sequenced to identify microorganisms and catabolic pathways present in hydrocarbon-impacted soil. A thorough chemical analysis of soil samples (GC-MS) will also be performed toidentify and quantify the major hydrocarbons present. This study will provide the firstinvestigation into the phylogenetic diversity of soil microbial populations associated withterrestrial hydrocarbon seeps in Yellowstone National Park. This information is of interestprimarily due the extended exposure to hydrocarbons that these microbial populations havereceived. As such, novel microorganisms and/or metabolic pathways may have evolved in thissetting. As a planning grant targeting underrepresented minorities in science, this award will helpto increase the participation of a minority scientist in NSF-funded research. Furthermore, thisplanning grant will be used to generate sufficient preliminary data for an NSF CAREER proposalto combine research and teaching efforts focused on the microbial ecology of hydrocarbon seepsin Yellowstone National Park.

项目摘要少数民族研究规划补助金的目标是使用非种植为基础的方法来表征与黄石国家公园天然碳氢化合物渗漏相关的微生物种群。除了著名的温泉外，黄石公园还有一些有记录的含有碳氢化合物渗漏的地区。这些渗漏通常与热喷口有关，最具特征的渗漏发生在陆地地区。拟议的研究将集中在方解石泉地区，那里有几个碳氢化合物渗漏的土壤样本。该规划补助金的具体目标是：1.评价方解石泉土壤中含有天然碳氢化合物的土壤微生物多样性.检测编码碳氢化合物降解酶（PAH双加氧酶）的特征基因的功能基因多样性和进化相关性.描述烃渗漏附近的方解石泉土壤中烃的丰度和类型。将构建16 S rRNA基因和PAH双加氧酶基因片段的克隆文库并测序，以鉴定烃影响土壤中存在的微生物和分解代谢途径。还将对土壤样品进行彻底的化学分析（GC-MS），以确定和量化存在的主要碳氢化合物。本研究将首次对黄石国家公园中与陆地烃渗漏相关的土壤微生物种群的系统发育多样性进行调查。这一信息是有趣的，主要是由于这些微生物种群长期暴露于碳氢化合物。因此，新的微生物和/或代谢途径可能已经在这种情况下进化。作为一项针对科学界代表性不足的少数民族的规划补助金，该奖项将有助于增加少数民族科学家在NSF资助的研究中的参与。此外，这笔规划补助金将用于为NSF的职业生涯提案生成足够的初步数据，该提案将联合收割机的研究和教学工作集中在黄石国家公园碳氢化合物渗漏的微生物生态学上。