CAREER: Correlation, Coherence, and Disorder in Nanoscale Devices and Complex Materials

职业：纳米器件和复杂材料中的相关性、相干性和无序性

• 批准号: 0238760
• 负责人: Joel Moore
• 金额: $ 40万
• 依托单位: University of California-Berkeley
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-05-15 至 2008-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0238760&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Correlation; Coherence; Disorder; Nanoscale

This CAREER award combines research on electronic properties of low-dimensional systems with educational activities for both university students and the wider community. The research projects involve new phenomena which emerge when electrons are so tightly confined in one or more directions that their motion in these directions is quantized. Such confinement is realized both in artificial nanostructures, such as quantum dots, and in complex materials, such as carbon nanotubes and cuprate superconductors. The research will focus on three areas. The first research area concerns the strong electronic interactions in small "artificial atom" quantum dots and in single-molecule devices. The principal investigator (PI) will study interaction effects on multiple coupled spin and charge degrees of freedom in quantum dot systems, and the appearance of strong electron-vibrational coupling in molecular devices. The second research area is quantum phase transitions with disorder in two dimensions. The PI plans to study diluted quantum antiferromagnets and quantum effects in percolative superconductors. These projects are related to the PI's continuing work on superconductor-insulator transitions and quantum Hall transitions. The third research area is the quantum coherence of Cooper pairs, spins, and excitons. The PI will study the effective limits on coherent behavior in strongly interacting electronic systems such as superconducting devices and exciton gases. These research directions are expected to have an impact on technology in the relatively near future. Quantum dots have already been commercialized in applications such as optical tagging of biomolecules, and molecular devices and offer a possible route around the size limitations of silicon electronics. Quantum phase transitions are of fundamental interest in theory of condensed matter and occur in technologically important materials. Quantum coherent electronic devices like the SQUID are already in use for applications such as functional MRI. The educational component of this CAREER proposal involves course development, graduate and undergraduate student supervision within the university, and outreach to high school students and others outside the university. Educational initiatives include a new journal club for graduate students, new course material related to nanoscience and nanotechnology, and public lectures on this exciting and fundamental field of physics.%%%This CAREER award combines research on electronic properties of low-dimensional systems with educational activities for both university students and the wider community. The research projects involve new phenomena which emerge when electrons are so tightly confined in one or more directions that their motion in these directions is quantized. Such confinement is realized both in artificial nanostructures, such as quantum dots, and in complex materials, such as carbon nanotubes and cuprate superconductors. The research will focus on three areas. The first research area concerns the strong electronic interactions in small "artificial atom" quantum dots and in single-molecule devices. The principal investigator (PI) will study interaction effects on multiple coupled spin and charge degrees of freedom in quantum dot systems, and the appearance of strong electron-vibrational coupling in molecular devices. The second research area is quantum phase transitions with disorder in two dimensions. The PI plans to study diluted quantum antiferromagnets and quantum effects in percolative superconductors. These projects are related to the PI's continuing work on superconductor-insulator transitions and quantum Hall transitions. The third research area is the quantum coherence of Cooper pairs, spins, and excitons. The PI will study the effective limits on coherent behavior in strongly interacting electronic systems such as superconducting devices and exciton gases. These research directions are expected to have an impact on technology in the relatively near future. Quantum dots have already been commercialized in applications such as optical tagging of biomolecules, and molecular devices and offer a possible route around the size limitations of silicon electronics. Quantum phase transitions are of fundamental interest in theory of condensed matter and occur in technologically important materials. Quantum coherent electronic devices like the SQUID are already in use for applications such as functional MRI. The educational component of this CAREER proposal involves course development, graduate and undergraduate student supervision within the university, and outreach to high school students and others outside the university. Educational initiatives include a new journal club for graduate students, new course material related to nanoscience and nanotechnology, and public lectures on this exciting and fundamental field of physics.***

该职业奖将低维系统电子特性的研究与针对大学生和更广泛社区的教育活动结合起来。这些研究项目涉及当电子被严格限制在一个或多个方向以致它们在这些方向上的运动被量子化时出现的新现象。这种限制既可以在量子点等人造纳米结构中，也可以在碳纳米管和铜酸盐超导体等复杂材料中实现。该研究将集中在三个领域。第一个研究领域涉及小型“人造原子”量子点和单分子器件中的强电子相互作用。首席研究员（PI）将研究量子点系统中多个耦合自旋和电荷自由度的相互作用效应，以及分子器件中强电子振动耦合的出现。第二个研究领域是二维无序量子相变。 PI 计划研究稀释的量子反铁磁体和渗流超导体中的量子效应。这些项目与 PI 在超导体-绝缘体转变和量子霍尔转变方面的持续工作有关。第三个研究领域是库珀对、自旋和激子的量子相干性。 PI 将研究超导器件和激子气体等强相互作用电子系统中相干行为的有效限制。这些研究方向预计将在不久的将来对技术产生影响。量子点已经在生物分子光学标记和分子器件等应用中实现商业化，并为解决硅电子器件的尺寸限制提供了可能的途径。量子相变在凝聚态物质理论中具有重要意义，并且发生在技术上重要的材料中。像 SQUID 这样的量子相干电子设备已经用于功能性 MRI 等应用。该职业提案的教育部分涉及课程开发、大学内研究生和本科生的监督，以及对高中生和大学外其他人的推广。教育举措包括为研究生设立一个新的期刊俱乐部、与纳米科学和纳米技术相关的新课程材料，以及关于这一令人兴奋的基础物理领域的公开讲座。%%%该职业奖将低维系统电子特性的研究与针对大学生和更广泛社区的教育活动结合起来。这些研究项目涉及当电子被严格限制在一个或多个方向以致它们在这些方向上的运动被量子化时出现的新现象。这种限制既可以在量子点等人造纳米结构中，也可以在碳纳米管和铜酸盐超导体等复杂材料中实现。该研究将集中在三个领域。第一个研究领域涉及小型“人造原子”量子点和单分子器件中的强电子相互作用。首席研究员（PI）将研究量子点系统中多个耦合自旋和电荷自由度的相互作用效应，以及分子器件中强电子振动耦合的出现。第二个研究领域是二维无序量子相变。 PI 计划研究稀释的量子反铁磁体和渗流超导体中的量子效应。这些项目与 PI 在超导体-绝缘体转变和量子霍尔转变方面的持续工作有关。第三个研究领域是库珀对、自旋和激子的量子相干性。 PI 将研究超导器件和激子气体等强相互作用电子系统中相干行为的有效限制。这些研究方向预计将在不久的将来对技术产生影响。量子点已经在生物分子光学标记和分子器件等应用中实现商业化，并为解决硅电子器件的尺寸限制提供了可能的途径。量子相变在凝聚态物质理论中具有重要意义，并且发生在技术上重要的材料中。像 SQUID 这样的量子相干电子设备已经用于功能性 MRI 等应用。该职业提案的教育部分涉及课程开发、大学内研究生和本科生的监督，以及对高中生和大学外其他人的推广。教育举措包括为研究生设立一个新的期刊俱乐部、与纳米科学和纳米技术相关的新课程材料，以及关于这一令人兴奋的基础物理学领域的公开讲座。***