Interactions Among Observations of Laterally Advected Heat and Moisture, Cloud Properties, Surface Temperature, Surface Radiation Fluxes, and Net Precipitation in the Arctic

北极横向平流热量和水分、云特性、地表温度、地表辐射通量和净降水观测之间的相互作用

• 批准号: 0240791
• 负责人: Jennifer Francis
• 金额: $ 28.86万
• 依托单位: Rutgers University New Brunswick
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-06-01 至 2007-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0240791&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Interactions; Among; Observations; Laterally; Advected

In the proposed investigation the PIs will examine interactions and feedbacks among five fundamental components of the Arctic environment: horizontally transported heat and moisture, cloud properties, surface temperature, net precipitation, and surface radiation fluxes. Conventional meteorological data are sparse over the Arctic Ocean, and other than surface pressure fields and temperatures there is relatively little information with which to investigate these issues in a pan-Arctic sense. Newly available satellite-derived data sets from the NOAA/NASA Pathfinder Program offer an unprecedented opportunity to observe the Arctic climate by providing measurements of atmospheric quantities spanning two decades. Preliminary calculations using these data indicate that significant, cohesive changes have occurred in surface temperature, advection patterns, and cloud properties, but how are they related to each other? How do these apparent trends relate to changes in the surface radiation balance? Can the observed trends be explained by large-scale atmospheric circulation features, such as the Arctic Oscillation, North Atlantic Oscillation, North Pacific Oscillation, or others? These are the questions the PI's expect to address in this investigation. The proposed study speaks directly to three of the four hypotheses targeted by the new multiagency initiative called the Study of Environmental Arctic Change (SEARCH): 1) Unaami (the name given to the suite of observed pan-Arctic changes) is related to the Arctic Oscillation, 2)Unaami is a component of climate change, and 3) Feedbacks among the ocean, land, ice and the atmosphere are critical to Unaami. Using two newly-available, 20-year, satellite-derived data sets in combination with surface observations, the PI's will diagnose patterns of and interactions among change in transported heat and moisture, cloud properties, surface temperature, net precipitation, and surface radiation fluxes, and test the hypothesis that these patterns are interrelated and aligned with large-scale circulation features in the atmosphere. The broader impacts of this activity are 1) to contribute toward understanding and predicting global climate processes and change, 2) to involve graduate students in the research, and 3) to provide material to be included in undergraduate course material for classes in remote sensing and cryospheric processes.

在拟议的调查中，PI将检查北极环境的五个基本组成部分之间的相互作用和反馈：水平输送的热量和水分、云特性、表面温度、净降水和表面辐射通量。北冰洋的常规气象数据稀少，除了地面气压场和温度外，从泛北极意义上研究这些问题的信息相对较少。最近从NOAA/NASA探路者计划获得的卫星数据集提供了一个前所未有的机会，通过提供跨越20年的大气量测量来观察北极气候。使用这些数据的初步计算表明，地表温度、平流型式和云属性发生了显著的、连贯的变化，但它们之间是如何联系的呢？这些明显的趋势与地表辐射平衡的变化有何关系？观测到的趋势是否可以用大尺度大气环流特征来解释，如北极涛动、北大西洋涛动、北太平洋涛动等？这些都是私家侦探希望在这次调查中解决的问题。这项拟议的研究直接涉及被称为北极环境变化研究(SEARCH)的新的多机构倡议所针对的四个假设中的三个：1)Unaami(一系列观察到的泛北极变化的名称)与北极涛动有关；2)Unaami是气候变化的一个组成部分；3)海洋、陆地、冰和大气之间的反馈对Unaami至关重要。利用两个新获得的20年卫星数据集结合地面观测，PI将诊断输送的热湿、云特性、地面温度、净降水和地面辐射通量变化的模式和相互作用，并检验这些模式与大气大尺度环流特征相互关联和一致的假设。这项活动的更广泛影响是：1)有助于理解和预测全球气候过程和变化；2)让研究生参与研究；3)为遥感和冰冻圈过程课程提供本科材料。