Welfare Reform and Migration of Poor Families

福利改革与贫困家庭移民

• 批准号: 0241848
• 负责人: Gordon De Jong
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-03-15 至 2007-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0241848&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Welfare; Reform; Migration; Poor; Families

SES-0241848Gordon F. De JongDeborah J. Graefe, Pennsylvania State UniversityThis study examines whether devolution of welfare policy in the 1996 welfare reform legislation created new state benefits and rules inequalities that engender inter- and intra-state migration among distinct groups of welfare poor families, specifically African American and white single mothers and immigrant families. This study uses data from three sources-- the 2001-2004 panel of the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP), the Urban Institute's Welfare Rules Database and a local labor market characteristics file created from 2003 American Community Survey census data. These databases will be merged to create a longitudinal, two-stage specification of welfare-benefit "push" and "pull" impacts on poor immigrant and single-mother-headed families' migration behavior. Using a state welfare policy inequality framework, the investigators will use factor analysis to develop measures from post-2000 textual policy manuals to operationalize multiple welfare benefit and eligibility rule dimensions and to test hypothesized state program effects on migration. A discrete-time event history analysis will be used to predict migration events (inter- and intra-state migration) in the SIPP data. The investigations will use a multi-level hierarchical modeling strategy, which is an integrated, and previously untested, micro-macro analysis of three determinant-of-migration hypotheses for welfare poor families. These tests evaluate effects of 1) time-varying state welfare policy characteristics; 2) individual and family characteristics, including fixed-time immigrant and marital status and race, from the information-rich SIPP files, and 3) local labor market-level economic opportunity structure indicators. Similar to previous studies, a separate analysis of push and pull migration effects of hypothesized co-variates will be completed first through, a "destination model" for identifying pull effects, and then, a "departure model" which identifies push effects for potential migrants' origin locations grouped by class of states according to state policy criteria. This two-stage model with state welfare policy, local labor market, and individual and household indicators will provide a strong test of the welfare policy impact on migration.

SES-0241848Gordon F.本研究考察了1996年福利改革立法中福利政策的下放是否创造了新的国家福利和规则不平等，这些不平等导致了福利贫困家庭的不同群体之间的州际和州内移民，特别是非洲裔美国人和白色单身母亲和移民家庭。 这项研究使用了三个来源的数据-2001-2004年小组的收入和计划参与调查（SIPP），城市研究所的福利规则数据库和当地劳动力市场的特点文件，从2003年美国社区调查人口普查数据。 这些数据库将合并，以创建一个纵向的，两个阶段的福利福利“推”和“拉”对贫困移民和单亲母亲为户主的家庭的移民行为的影响规格。 使用国家福利政策不平等的框架，调查人员将使用因素分析，从2000年后的文本政策手册制定措施，以操作多个福利和资格规则的维度，并测试假设的国家计划对移民的影响。 将使用离散时间事件历史分析来预测SIPP数据中的迁移事件（州际和州内迁移）。 调查将使用多层次的分层建模策略，这是一个综合的，以前未经检验的，微观宏观分析的三个决定因素的移民假设福利贫困家庭。 这些测试评估1）时变的国家福利政策特征的影响; 2）个人和家庭特征，包括固定时间的移民和婚姻状况和种族，从信息丰富的SIPP文件，和3）当地劳动力市场水平的经济机会结构指标。类似于以前的研究，一个单独的分析推和拉的假设协变量的移民影响将首先完成，通过“目的地模型”确定拉的影响，然后，“离境模型”，确定推的影响，潜在的移民的原籍地分组的国家根据国家政策标准。 这个包含国家福利政策、当地劳动力市场以及个人和家庭指标的两阶段模型将为福利政策对移民的影响提供强有力的检验。