Intense Energy, Vorticity, and Strain Focusing in Nonlinear Fluid Flows

这项研究探索了三种非线性流体流动中的极端事件：湍流、悬挂液滴的夹持和刹车表面波。精密实验检验了这些非线性系统中的每一个，以表征和预测局部强烈事件的发生，这些事件集中在每个系统中的涡度、耗散或能量上。这个项目的目标是描述这些事件的因果机制，并利用这一知识对模拟进行基准测试，并刺激应用的数学进步。基础研究将影响我们预测和数值模拟强非线性流体流动的能力。此外，这项工作在机械工程、地球物理和应用数学领域也有技术应用。青年科学家的指导和培训在研究中发挥着重要作用。研究生和本科生都参与了这项令人兴奋的研究的方方面面。这项研究探索了流体流动中发生的异常强烈的扰动：例如湍流和刹车波。精确的测量将被用来预测局部强烈事件的发生，如流体的快速旋转或漩涡的形成，以及局部发生的大规模加热或能量耗散。其目标是为这些事件建立预测模型，并利用这些知识来测试计算机模拟，并促进在这些困难问题上的数学进步。该研究可应用于机械工程、地球物理和应用数学等领域。青年科学家的指导和培训在拟议的研究中发挥着重要作用。研究生和本科生将参与这项激动人心的研究的方方面面，为他们在工业、政府或学术界的职业生涯做好准备。

This research explores extreme events in three nonlinear fluid flows: Turbulence, the pinch-off of pendant drops, and braking surface waves. Precision experiments examine each of these nonlinear systems to characterize and predict the occurrence of locally intense events which focus vorticity, dissipation, or energy in each system. The goal of this project is to characterize the causal mechanisms for these events and to use that knowledge to benchmark simulations and stimulate applied mathematical advances. The fundamental research should impact our ability to predict and numerically simulate strongly nonlinear fluid flow. In addition, the work has technical applications in the fields of mechanical engineering, geophysics, and applied mathematics. The mentoring and training of young scientists plays an important role in the research. Graduate and undergraduate students are involved in every aspect of this exciting research.This research explores unusually strong disturbances that occur in fluid flows: Examples include turbulence and braking waves. Precision measurements will be used to predict the occurrence of locally intense events in such as rapid fluid rotation, or vortex formation, and large local occurrences of heating or energy dissipation. The goal is to build predictive models for these events and to use that knowledge to test computer simulations and to promote mathematical advances in these difficult problems. This research can be applied to the fields of mechanical engineering, geophysics, and applied mathematics. The mentoring and training of young scientists plays an important role in the proposed research. Graduate and undergraduate students will be involved in every aspect of this exciting research, which prepares them for careers in industry, government, or academia.