EI: Can We Teach Object-Oriented Design to Beginners?

[0306140] robert CartwrightWilliam Marsh Rice大学：我们可以教初学者面向对象的设计吗？42万美元该项目涉及开发一个课程，在一个独特的工具套件的支持下，在入门级教授“真正的”面向对象设计（OOD）。当前的教育趋势是尽早教授OO设计。然而，与基于对象的方法相比，这种趋势可能带来更高的教学失败风险，因为计算机教育者缺乏向初学者教授面向对象设计的经过验证的课程。这个项目探讨了如何为初学者简化和提炼复杂的OOD概念。提议者提出了在入门级提出OOD的两个原因。首先，面向对象的发展是由对OO设计过程理解的突破所推动的。计算研究人员已经汇编了一个全面的OO设计模式目录，这些模式形成了构建OO程序的概念词汇表。这些设计模式是编码数据抽象机制的模板，这些机制利用多态性来简化控制结构、消除复制代码并促进后续程序扩展。它们提供了关于OO设计的详细的、说明性的指导，新手程序员也可以使用这些指导。其次，研究者已经成功地在CS2级别教授了OO设计，在一个教学编程环境的支持下，该环境提供了一个简单、透明的界面，并简化了编写程序所涉及的文书问题。这一变化使教师能够将注意力集中在教学方案设计上。这个项目的成果预计将是一个课程，加上支持工具和材料，为一个新的介绍性编程序列（CS1/CS2），重点是面向对象的程序设计。课程将使用一系列逐渐更具表现力的Java子语言来教授OO设计原则。新版本的DrJava支持这些子语言，DrJava是一个可以在网上找到的开源项目。一个以面向对象编程为重点的入门编程课程可能会对设计面向对象系统的国家劳动力的准备工作产生巨大的影响。

0306140Robert CartwrightWilliam Marsh Rice UniversityEI: Can We Teach Object-Oriented Design to Beginners?$420,000This project involves the development of a curriculum for teaching 'truly' Object Oriented Design (OOD) at the introductory level with the support of a unique tool suite. A current educational trend is to teach OO design as early as possible. However, this trend may entail a potentially higher risk of pedagogic failure than an object-based approach because computing educators lack a proven curriculum for teaching OO design to beginners. This project explores how sophisticated OOD concepts might be simplified and distilled for beginners. The proposers set forth two reasons for presenting OOD at the introductory level. First, the growth of object-orientation has been fostered by breakthroughs in the understanding of the OO design process. Computing researchers have assembled a comprehensive catalog of OO design patterns that form the conceptual vocabulary for constructing OO programs. These design patterns are templates codifying data abstraction mechanisms that exploit polymorphism to simplify control structure, eliminate replicated code, and facilitate subsequent program extension. They provide detailed, prescriptive guidance on OO design that can be made accessible to novice programmers. Second, the investigators have successfully taught OO design at the CS2 level, supported by a pedagogic programming-environment that provides a simple, transparent interface and simplifies clerical issues involved in writing programs. This change enables instructors to focus attention on teaching program design. The outcomes of this project are expected to be a curriculum, plus supporting tools and materials, for a new introductory programming sequence (CS1/CS2) that focuses on OO program design. The curriculum will teach the principles of OO design using a series of progressively more expressive sub-languages of Java. These sub-languages are supported by a new edition of DrJava, an open-source project available on the web. An introductory programming curriculum focusing on OOD could have a dramatic impact on the preparedness of the nation's workforce in designing object-oriented systems.