DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics of Mating Behavior in the Genus Drosophila

论文研究：果蝇属交配行为的分子进化遗传学

• 批准号: 0309054
• 负责人: Daniel Hartl
• 金额: $ 0.93万
• 依托单位: Harvard University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-06-15 至 2005-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0309054&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DISSERTATION; RESEARCH; Molecular; Evolutionary; Genetics

Increasing evidence suggests that genes involved in male reproduction evolve at an exceptionally rapid rate, but the biological basis for this acceleration is unknown. One possibility is that rapid evolution is driven by differences in mating behavior. For nearly 100 years geneticists have studied the insect Drosophila to try to identify the genes that control mating behavior. A number of key genes have been identified. This affords an opportunity to determine whether genetic differences in these genes accounts for the great variation in mating behavior among different species. The investigators will characterize these genes among a broad sample of species and also study patterns of genetic variation within populations. How individuals find each other and form mating pairs is a fundamental aspect of biology in all organisms that have two sexes. Mating behavior changes through time and accounts for the observation that individuals choose mates within their own species. Understanding the genetic basis of differences in mating behavior has important practical applications ranging from designing the optimal size and geometrical layout of national parks and game preserves to breeding endangered animal species in captivity.

越来越多的证据表明，与男性生殖有关的基因以异常快的速度进化，但这种加速的生物学基础尚不清楚。一种可能性是，交配行为的差异推动了快速进化。近100年来，遗传学家一直在研究果蝇，试图找出控制交配行为的基因。一些关键基因已经被发现。这提供了一个机会，以确定这些基因的遗传差异是否解释了不同物种之间交配行为的巨大差异。研究人员将在广泛的物种样本中描述这些基因的特征，并研究种群内的遗传变异模式。个体如何找到彼此并形成交配对是生物学的一个基本方面，所有生物都有两种性别。交配行为随着时间的推移而变化，并解释了个体在自己物种中选择配偶的观察结果。了解交配行为差异的遗传基础具有重要的实际应用，从设计国家公园和禁猎区的最佳大小和几何布局到圈养繁殖濒危动物物种。