Effects of Environmental Growth Conditions on the Composition and Morphology of Bacterial Magnetosome Crystals and on the Subsequent Dissolution and Preservation of Magnetofossils
环境生长条件对细菌磁小体晶体的组成和形态以及磁化石的后续溶解和保存的影响
基本信息
- 批准号:0311950
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 50.68万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2003
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2003-08-01 至 2007-06-30
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Magnetotactic bacteria (MB) are a metabolically and morphologically diverse group of gram-negative prokaryotes in the Domain Bacteria. Cells of MB biomineralize intracellular membrane-bounded crystals of the magnetic minerals magnetite (Fe3O4) and/or greigite (Fe3S4) via a biologically-controlled mineralization process. These structures, called magnetosomes, cause cells to align along geomagnetic field lines as they swim and appear to work in conjunction with aerotaxis in aiding cells in locating and maintaining an optimal position in vertical chemical (e.g. oxygen)/redox gradients. Based on their high cell numbers in natural habitats and the biogeochemical transformations they catalyze, MB are a significant environmental bacterial group that potentially have major roles in the biogeochemical cycling of Fe, S, N, and C. When MB cells die and lyse, their magnetosome crystals are presumably released into the surrounding environment and eventually end up in sediments where they appear to be preserved for some time as putative "magnetofossils". Magnetofossils have been found in a large number of recent marine and lacustrine sediments as well as in some ancient sediments and meteorites (i.e., Mars meteorite ALH84001) where they have also been used as evidence for the past presence of MB, as indicators of life, and as indicators of recent/ancient environmental conditions. The use of these crystals as magnetofossils is based on a number of chemical, crystallographic, and magnetic criteria while their use as environmental indicators is based on a small number physiological experiments performed on only a few species. Little is known about the conditions under which MB synthesize Fe3O4 and under which magnetosome Fe3O4 crystals are dissoluted or transformed to other minerals when they are released into the environment. It is presently clear, however, that high concentrations of O2 inhibit magnetite synthesis in MB and cause the oxidation of magnetite magnetofossils and that Fe3O4 magnetosomes can be synthesized anaerobically by some MB.The major goal of the research outlined in this proposal is to determine whether different morphological types of Fe3O4 crystals can be reliably used either as magnetofossils (evidence for life) or as environmental indicators. To do this, we will: 1) examine the environmental conditions under which a relatively large number of strains of MB that synthesize Fe3O4 of different crystal morphologies; and 2) examine the conditions under which the Fe3O4 crystals are supposedly dissoluted, transformed, and/or undergo reductive diagenesis (e.g., investigate the effect of reducing agents, siderophores etc.). Research results from this work should advance knowledge in Microbiology, Geology, Chemistry, Environmental Sciences, and Astrobiology. They should also advance discovery and learning for the general public who are somewhat familiar with Martian meteorite ALH84001 and the evidence for life on ancient Mars. This is especially important now: recent studies and debates, some viewed by the public, involving meteorites and ancient rocks from Earth show that we need clear unambiguous biomarkers as evidence for life in fossils on Earth and well as in extraterrestrial habitats and materials. In addition, Fe is a key element to life and is often a limiting nutrient particularly in marine systems. Results from this research may reveal previously unknown aspects of Fe cycling (e.g., microbial Fe3O4 reduction and oxidation) in such habitats and the role of specific bacteria in this cycling.
趋磁细菌(MB)是细菌界中一类代谢和形态多样的革兰氏阴性原核生物。MB的细胞通过生物控制的矿化过程使磁性矿物磁铁矿(Fe 3 O 4)和/或硫铁矿(Fe 3S 4)的细胞内膜结合晶体生物矿化。这些被称为磁小体的结构使细胞在游泳时沿着沿着地磁场线排列,并且似乎与趋氧性一起工作,帮助细胞在垂直化学(例如氧气)/氧化还原梯度中定位和保持最佳位置。基于它们在自然栖息地中的高细胞数量和它们催化的生态地球化学转化,MB是一个重要的环境细菌群,可能在Fe,S,N和C的生态地球化学循环中发挥重要作用。当MB细胞死亡和溶解时,它们的磁小体晶体可能被释放到周围环境中,并最终进入沉积物中,在那里它们似乎被保存了一段时间,作为推定的“磁化石”。在大量的现代海洋和湖泊沉积物以及一些古老的沉积物和陨石中发现了磁化石(即,火星陨石ALH 84001),它们也被用作过去存在甲基溴的证据,作为生命的指标,并作为最近/古代环境条件的指标。将这些晶体用作磁化石是基于一些化学,晶体学和磁性标准,而将它们用作环境指标是基于仅对少数物种进行的少量生理实验。关于MB合成Fe 3 O 4的条件以及磁性体Fe 3 O 4晶体在释放到环境中时溶解或转化为其他矿物的条件知之甚少。然而,目前很清楚,高浓度的O2抑制磁铁矿合成MB和氧化的磁铁矿磁化石和Fe 3 O 4磁小体可以合成厌氧由一些MB。在这项建议中概述的研究的主要目标是确定是否不同形态类型的Fe 3 O 4晶体可以可靠地用作磁化石(生命的证据)或作为环境指标。为此,我们将:1)检查合成不同晶体形态的Fe 3 O 4的相对大量MB菌株的环境条件;和2)检查Fe 3 O 4晶体被假定溶解、转化和/或经历还原成岩作用(例如,研究还原剂、铁载体等的作用)。这项工作的研究成果将促进微生物学、地质学、化学、环境科学和天体生物学的知识。他们还应该为那些对火星陨石ALH 84001和古代火星上生命的证据有些熟悉的公众推进发现和学习。这一点现在尤其重要:最近的研究和辩论,其中一些被公众看到,涉及来自地球的陨石和古代岩石,表明我们需要明确的生物标志物作为地球上化石以及地外栖息地和材料中生命的证据。此外,铁是生命的关键元素,通常是限制性营养素,特别是在海洋系统中。这项研究的结果可能会揭示铁循环以前未知的方面(例如,微生物Fe 3 O 4还原和氧化)在这样的栖息地和特定的细菌在这种循环中的作用。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
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Dennis Bazylinski其他文献
Annual Comparison of Weed Pollen in Las Vegas and the Mojave Desert 2017-2019
- DOI:
10.1016/j.jaci.2020.12.312 - 发表时间:
2021-02-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:
- 作者:
Joseph Jean;Asma Tahir;Samin Kamal;Mark Buttner;Dennis Bazylinski;Joram Seggev - 通讯作者:
Joram Seggev
Annual Comparison Of Ragweed Pollen Concentrations In Las Vegas And Jean From 2019-2023
2019年至2023年拉斯维加斯和吉恩豚草花粉浓度的年度比较
- DOI:
10.1016/j.jaci.2024.12.763 - 发表时间:
2025-02-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:11.200
- 作者:
Alireza Rezaee;Asma Tahir;Mark Buttner;Dennis Bazylinski;Joram Seggev - 通讯作者:
Joram Seggev
Comparison of the Airborne Fungal Spore Concentrations in Las Vegas and the Mojave Desert From 2020 - 2022
2020 年至 2022 年拉斯维加斯与莫哈韦沙漠空气中真菌孢子浓度的比较
- DOI:
10.1016/j.jaci.2023.11.364 - 发表时间:
2024-02-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:11.200
- 作者:
Eric Matesen;Asma Tahir;Mark Buttner;Dennis Bazylinski;Joram Seggev - 通讯作者:
Joram Seggev
Annual Comparison of Grass, Tree, and Weed Pollen in Las Vegas, Nevada, From 2019-2021
2019 年至 2021 年内华达州拉斯维加斯草、树和杂草花粉的年度比较
- DOI:
10.1016/j.jaci.2022.12.262 - 发表时间:
2023-02-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:11.200
- 作者:
Eric Matesen;Asma Tahir;Sharon Peterson;Mark Buttner;Dennis Bazylinski;Joram Seggev - 通讯作者:
Joram Seggev
Comparison of the Airborne Fungal Spore Concentrations in the Mojave Desert and Las Vegas From 2016-2020
- DOI:
10.1016/j.jaci.2021.12.129 - 发表时间:
2022-02-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:11.200
- 作者:
Asma Tahir;Joseph Jean;Samin Kamal;Mark Buttner;Dennis Bazylinski;Joram Seggev - 通讯作者:
Joram Seggev
Dennis Bazylinski的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Dennis Bazylinski', 18)}}的其他基金
Collaborative Research; Protein Mediated Magnetite Biomineralization
合作研究;
- 批准号:
1423939 - 财政年份:2014
- 资助金额:
$ 50.68万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Using Single-Molecule Force and Fluorescence Microscopy to Elucidate the Molecular Mechanism of Bioinspired Magnetite Synthesis in Magnetotactic Bacteria
合作研究:利用单分子力和荧光显微镜阐明趋磁细菌中仿生磁铁矿合成的分子机制
- 批准号:
0920718 - 财政年份:2009
- 资助金额:
$ 50.68万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Effects of Environmental Growth Conditions on the Composition and Morphology of Bacterial Magnetosome Crystals and on the Subsequent Dissolution and Preservation of Magnetofossils
环境生长条件对细菌磁小体晶体的组成和形态以及磁化石的后续溶解和保存的影响
- 批准号:
0715492 - 财政年份:2006
- 资助金额:
$ 50.68万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Cemoautolithotrophy (Chemosynthesis) and Sulfur Metabolism in Magnetotactic Bacteria
趋磁细菌中的自石营养(化学合成)和硫代谢
- 批准号:
9696027 - 财政年份:1995
- 资助金额:
$ 50.68万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Cemoautolithotrophy (Chemosynthesis) and Sulfur Metabolism in Magnetotactic Bacteria
趋磁细菌中的自石营养(化学合成)和硫代谢
- 批准号:
9396103 - 财政年份:1993
- 资助金额:
$ 50.68万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Cemoautolithotrophy (Chemosynthesis) and Sulfur Metabolism in Magnetotactic Bacteria
趋磁细菌中的自石营养(化学合成)和硫代谢
- 批准号:
9496156 - 财政年份:1993
- 资助金额:
$ 50.68万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Cemoautolithotrophy (Chemosynthesis) and Sulfur Metabolism in Magnetotactic Bacteria
趋磁细菌中的自石营养(化学合成)和硫代谢
- 批准号:
9117694 - 财政年份:1992
- 资助金额:
$ 50.68万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
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